Comparative Study

. 2015 Jun 16;11(10):1529-34.

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.007. Epub 2015 May 28.

Dietary Protein to Carbohydrate Ratio and Caloric Restriction: Comparing Metabolic Outcomes in Mice

Affiliations

¹ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Ageing and Alzheimers Institute and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address: samantha.solon-biet@sydney.edu.au.
² Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
³ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
⁴ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Ageing and Alzheimers Institute and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
⁵ Ageing and Alzheimers Institute and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
⁶ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
⁷ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address: stephen.simpson@sydney.edu.au.

PMID: 26027933
PMCID: PMC4472496
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.007

Comparative Study

Dietary Protein to Carbohydrate Ratio and Caloric Restriction: Comparing Metabolic Outcomes in Mice

Samantha M Solon-Biet et al. Cell Rep. 2015.

. 2015 Jun 16;11(10):1529-34.

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.007. Epub 2015 May 28.

Affiliations

¹ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Ageing and Alzheimers Institute and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address: samantha.solon-biet@sydney.edu.au.
² Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
³ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
⁴ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Ageing and Alzheimers Institute and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
⁵ Ageing and Alzheimers Institute and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
⁶ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
⁷ Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address: stephen.simpson@sydney.edu.au.

PMID: 26027933
PMCID: PMC4472496
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.007

Abstract

Both caloric restriction (CR) and low-protein, high-carbohydrate (LPHC) ad-libitum-fed diets increase lifespan and improve metabolic parameters such as insulin, glucose, and blood lipids. Severe CR, however, is unsustainable for most people; therefore, it is important to determine whether manipulating macronutrient ratios in ad-libitum-fed conditions can generate similar health outcomes. We present the results of a short-term (8 week) dietary manipulation on metabolic outcomes in mice. We compared three diets varying in protein to carbohydrate ratio under both CR and ad libitum conditions. Ad libitum LPHC diets delivered similar benefits to CR in terms of levels of insulin, glucose, lipids, and HOMA, despite increased energy intake. CR on LPHC diets did not provide additional benefits relative to ad libitum LPHC. We show that LPHC diets under ad-libitum-fed conditions generate the metabolic benefits of CR without a 40% reduction in total caloric intake.

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Figures

**Figure. 1. Food and energy intake ± SEM**
(a) Average food intake (g/day), (b) energy intake (kJ/day) and (c) body weight (g) over 8 weeks of feeding in AL and CR regimes. Note that CR animals were offered exactly 40% of AL counterparts fed the same diet composition (HPLC, MPMC or LPHC). See also Table S2.

**Figure 2. Metabolic phenotype ± SEM**
The effect of diets on (a) insulin, (b) HOMA, (c) triglycerides and (d) HDLc and (e) oral glucose tolerance tests. (AL, ad libitum; CR, caloric restricted; HPLC, high ratio of protein to carbohydrate; MPMC, medium protein to carbohydrate ratio; LPHC, low protein to carbohydrate ratio). See also Table S2 and Table S3.

**Figure 3. Hepatic and pancreatic pathology**
Representative figures are shown of livers stained with hemotoxylin and eosin (a-b), scanning electron microscopy of the liver sinusoidal endothelium (c-d) and glucagon stains of the pancreatic islets (e-f). (g) The effect of diets pancreatic glucagon staining. Percentages indicate the proportion of samples with high intensity staining. (AL ad libitum; CR caloric restricted; HPLC high ratio of protein to carbohydrate; MPMC medium protein to carbohydrate ratio; LPHC low protein to carbohydrate ratio; P-values provided in Table S2). See also Figure S1 and Table S2.

**Figure 4. Indirect calorimetry ± SEM**
The effect of diets on (a) RER, (b) energy expenditure and (c) body fat. (AL ad libitum; CR caloric restricted; HPLC high ratio of protein to carbohydrate; MPMC medium protein to carbohydrate ratio; LPHC low protein to carbohydrate ratio. See also Table S2.

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References

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Dietary Protein to Carbohydrate Ratio and Caloric Restriction: Comparing Metabolic Outcomes in Mice

Affiliations

Dietary Protein to Carbohydrate Ratio and Caloric Restriction: Comparing Metabolic Outcomes in Mice

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Medical

Molecular Biology Databases