Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2014 May;43(5):545-55.

Prevalence and Causes of Cesarean Section in Iran: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Saber Azami-Aghdash  1 , Morteza Ghojazadeh  2 , Nima Dehdilani  3 , Marzieh Mohammadi  4 , Ramin Asl Amin Abad  5
Affiliations
Review

Prevalence and Causes of Cesarean Section in Iran: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Saber Azami-Aghdash et al. Iran J Public Health. 2014 May.

Abstract

Unfortunately, the prevalence of cesarean section has increased in recent years. Whereas awareness of the prevalence and causes is inevitable for planning and effective interventions, so aim of this study has designed and conducted for reviewing of systematic Prevalence and caesarean causes in Iran. In this meta-analysis, the required information have been collected using several keywords which are Cesarean section rate, Cesarean section prevalence, delivery, childhood, childbirth, relative causes, relative frequency, Iran and their Persian equivalents have been collected from databases such as CINAHL, Science Direct, PubMed, Magiran, SID, Iranmedex. Finally, we found 706 related articles and selected 34 articles among them for studying of cesarean Prevalence. We used CMA software with random model for Meta-Analysis. The prevalence of Cesarean was estimated48%. Using content analysis, Factors influencing the incidence of cesarean section were divided to 3 categories including social and demographic factors, obstetric-medical causes and non-obstetric-medical causes. Maternal education and grand multiparity in the field of demographic and social factors, previous cesarean in the field of obstetric-medical causes and fear of normal-vaginal delivery (NVD) and doctor's suggestion in the field of non-obstetric-medical causes were major causes of Cesarean. According to the high prevalence of caesarean section and it upward development, it seems to be essential designing and implementing of programs and interventions effectiveness including providing of Possibility of painless childbirth and education and psychological interventions, increasing of quality of natural delivery services, proper culture and prohibiting of doctors from Personal opinions and profit.

Keywords: Caesarean; Causes; Incidence; Iran; Meta-Analysis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1:
Fig. 1:
Literature review and retrieval flow diagram
Fig. 2:
Fig. 2:
Caesarean section prevalence in Iran with confidence interval of 95% (Based on random model)
Fig. 3:
Fig. 3:
Funnel plot of caesarean section in Iran
Fig. 4:
Fig. 4:
influencing social and demographic reasons frequency on caesarean operation prevalence based on significant items in investigated articles.
Fig. 5:
Fig. 5:
Frequency of Midwifery-Medicine causes impact on Incidence of cesarean
Fig. 6:
Fig. 6:
Frequency of non-Midwifery-Medicine causes impact on Incidence of cesarean
Fig. 7:
Fig. 7:
Frequency of medical and nonmedical factors affecting the incidence of repeat caesarean section according to the repeated studies
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Sharifirad GH, Fathi Z, Tirani M, Mehaki B (2007). Assessing of pregnant women toward vaginal delivery and cesarean section based on behavioral intention model. Ilam Uni of Med Sci J, 15(1): 19–23 [in Persian].
    1. Tabrizi JS, Gholipoor K, Asghari jafarabadi M, Farahbakhsh M, Mohammadzedeh M (2012). Customer quality and maternity care in Tabriz urban health centers and health posts. J Clin Res Gov, 1(2): 12–15.
    1. Hoshmandi S, Dolatian M, Kamalifard M, Ghojazadeh M (2012). Comparison of Labor Pain and Factors Affecting the Pain Perception among Primiparous and Multiparous Women Referring to Women's Private and state Hospitals in Tabriz in 2010. Tabriz Uni of Med Sci J, 34(3): 117–121 [in Persian].
    1. Cunningham F, Leveno K, Bloom S, Fauser J, Zwirner M (2005). Williams Obstetrics. New York: Graw-Hill
    1. Clark SC, Taffeles S (1997). Cesarean rate decreasing. Obstet Gynecol New, 31: 10.

LinkOut - more resources