Distal Biceps Tendon Ruptures: An Epidemiological Analysis Using a Large Population Database

Abstract

Background: The incidence of distal biceps tendon ruptures was studied more than 10 years ago in a small patient cohort. Recent diagnostic advancements have improved the ability to detect this rare injury.

Hypothesis: The incidence of distal biceps tendon ruptures will be significantly greater than previously reported.

Study design: Descriptive epidemiologic study.

Methods: A query of the PearlDiver Technologies national database containing public and private insurance patients was used to estimate the national incidence of distal biceps tendon ruptures in the United States. A retrospective chart review of our local population identified demographic groups and risk factors that increased likelihood of injury.

Results: The estimated national incidence of distal biceps tendon rupture was 2.55 per 100,000 patient-years. The local incidence was 5.35 per 100,000 patient-years. The mean and median ages of patients in our regional cohort were 46.3 and 46 years, respectively. Males composed the majority of the injured population (national 95%, regional 96%). Smoking and elevated body mass index were found to be associated with increased likelihood of injury, while diabetes mellitus showed no association.

Conclusion: The incidence of distal biceps tendon ruptures in this study was higher than previously reported.

Keywords: distal biceps tendon; elbow; epidemiology; upper extremity.