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. 2015 Jun 15;10(6):e0129262.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129262. eCollection 2015.

Chronic Pain in the Japanese Community--Prevalence, Characteristics and Impact on Quality of Life

Shinsuke Inoue  1 , Fumio Kobayashi  2 , Makoto Nishihara  1 , Young-Chang P Arai  1 , Tatsunori Ikemoto  3 , Takashi Kawai  1 , Masayuki Inoue  3 , Tomomi Hasegawa  2 , Takahiro Ushida  1
Affiliations

Chronic Pain in the Japanese Community--Prevalence, Characteristics and Impact on Quality of Life

Shinsuke Inoue et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Chronic pain is recognized as a public health problem that affects the general population physically, psychologically, and socially. However, there is little knowledge about the associated factors of chronic pain, such as the influence of weather, family structure, daily exercise, and work status.

Objectives: This survey had three aims: 1) to estimate the prevalence of chronic pain in Japan, 2) to analyze these associated factors, and 3) to evaluate the social burden due to chronic pain.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional postal survey in a sample of 6000 adults aged ≥20 years. The response rate was 43.8%.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 57.7 years (range 20-99 years); 39.3% met the criteria for chronic pain (lasting ≥3 months). Approximately a quarter of the respondents reported that their chronic pain was adversely influenced by bad weather and also oncoming bad weather. Risk factors for chronic pain, as determined by a logistic regression model, included being an older female, being unemployed, living alone, and no daily exercise. Individuals with chronic pain showed significantly lower quality of life and significantly higher psychological distress scores than those without chronic pain. The mean annual duration of absence from work of working-age respondents was 9.6 days (range 1-365 days).

Conclusions: Our findings revealed that high prevalence and severity of chronic pain, associated factors, and significant impact on quality of life in the adult Japanese population. A detailed understanding of factors associated with chronic pain is essential for establishing a management strategy for primary care.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Prevalence of chronic pain by age in a Japanese population.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Influence of chronic pain on health-related quality of life and psychological distress.
Statistical analysis undertaken with independent t test; mean values are shown within the columns, error bars represent standard deviation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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