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Review
. 2015;9(6):545-58.
doi: 10.2217/bmm.15.26.

Biomarkers for CNS involvement in pediatric lupus

Tamar B Rubinstein  1 , Chaim Putterman  2 , Beatrice Goilav  3
Affiliations
Review

Biomarkers for CNS involvement in pediatric lupus

Tamar B Rubinstein et al. Biomark Med. 2015.

Abstract

CNS disease, or central neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus (cNPSLE), occurs frequently in pediatric lupus, leading to significant morbidity and poor long-term outcomes. Diagnosing cNPSLE is especially difficult in pediatrics; many current diagnostic tools are invasive and/or costly, and there are no current accepted screening mechanisms. The most complicated aspect of diagnosis is differentiating primary disease from other etiologies; research to discover new biomarkers is attempting to address this dilemma. With many mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cNPSLE, biomarker profiles across several modalities (molecular, psychometric and neuroimaging) will need to be used. For the care of children with lupus, the challenge will be to develop biomarkers that are accessible by noninvasive measures and reliable in a pediatric population.

Keywords: CNS; biomarkers; neuropsychiatric; pediatric; systemic lupus erythematosus.

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Conflict of interest statement

Financial & competing interests disclosure: T Rubinstein is an award recipient of the National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Program for Pediatric Research. C Putterman’s research is supported by research grants from the National Institutes of Health (AR065594) and the Lupus Research Institute. C Putterman, in conjunction with Biogen Idec, is a holder of a patent for the use of TWEAK as a lupus biomarker.

The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

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