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Meta-Analysis
. 2015 Jun 23;2015(6):CD001730.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001730.pub3.

Medical day hospital care for older people versus alternative forms of care

Lesley Brown  1 , Anne Forster, John Young, Tom Crocker, Alex Benham, Peter Langhorne; Day Hospital Group
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Medical day hospital care for older people versus alternative forms of care

Lesley Brown et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: The proportion of the world's population aged over 60 years is increasing. Therefore, there is a need to examine different methods of healthcare provision for this population. Medical day hospitals provide multidisciplinary health services to older people in one location.

Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of medical day hospitals for older people in preventing death, disability, institutionalisation and improving subjective health status.

Search methods: Our search included the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) Group Register of Studies, CENTRAL (2013, Issue 7), MEDLINE via Ovid (1950-2013 ), EMBASE via Ovid (1947-2013) and CINAHL via EbscoHost (1980-2013). We also conducted cited reference searches, searched conference proceedings and trial registries, hand searched select journals, and contacted relevant authors and researchers to inquire about additional data.

Selection criteria: Randomised and quasi-randomised trials comparing medical day hospitals with alternative care for older people (mean/median > 60 years of age).

Data collection and analysis: Two authors independently assessed trial eligibility and risk of bias and extracted data from included trials. We used standard methodological procedures expected by the Cochrane Collaboration. Trials were sub-categorised as comprehensive care, domiciliary care or no comprehensive care.

Main results: Sixteen trials (3689 participants) compared day hospitals with comprehensive care (five trials), domiciliary care (seven trials) or no comprehensive care (four trials). Overall there was low quality evidence from these trials for the following results.For the outcome of death, there was no strong evidence for or against day hospitals compared to other treatments overall (odds ratio (OR) 1.05; 95% CI 0.85 to 1.28; P = 0.66), or to comprehensive care (OR 1.26; 95% CI 0.87 to 1.82; P = 0.22), domiciliary care (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.61 to 1.55; P = 0.89), or no comprehensive care (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.22; P = 0.43).For the outcome of death or deterioration in activities of daily living (ADL), there was no strong evidence for day hospital attendance compared to other treatments (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.76 to 1.49; P = 0.70), or to comprehensive care (OR 1.18; 95% CI 0.63 to 2.18; P = 0.61), domiciliary care (OR 1.41; 95% CI 0.82 to 2.42; P = 0.21) or no comprehensive care (OR 0.76; 95% CI 0.56 to 1.05; P = 0.09).For the outcome of death or poor outcome (institutional care, dependency, deterioration in physical function), there was no strong evidence for day hospitals compared to other treatments (OR 0.92; 95% CI 0.74 to 1.15; P = 0.49), or compared to comprehensive care (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.79 to 1.40; P = 0.74) or domiciliary care (OR 1.08; 95% CI 0.67 to 1.74; P = 0.75). However, compared with no comprehensive care there was a difference in favour of day hospitals (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.53 to 0.99; P = 0.04).For the outcome of death or institutional care, there was no strong evidence for day hospitals compared to other treatments overall (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.14; P = 0.28), or to comprehensive care (OR 1.00; 95% CI 0.69 to 1.44; P = 0.99), domiciliary care (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.57 to1.92; P = 0. 88) or no comprehensive care (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.40 to 1.00; P = 0.05).For the outcome of deterioration in ADL, there was no strong evidence that day hospital attendance had a different effect than other treatments overall (OR 1.11; 95% CI 0.68 to 1.80; P = 0.67) or compared with comprehensive care (OR 1.21; 0.58 to 2.52; P = 0.61), or domiciliary care (OR 1.59; 95% CI 0.87 to 2.90; P = 0.13). However, day hospital patients showed a reduced odds of deterioration compared with those receiving no comprehensive care (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.97; P = 0.04) and significant subgroup differences (P = 0.04).For the outcome of requiring institutional care, there was no strong evidence for day hospitals compared to other treatments (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.58 to 1.21; P = 0.35), or to comprehensive care (OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.70 to 1.19; P = 0.49), domiciliary care (OR 1.49; 95% CI 0.53 to 4.25; P = 0.45), or no comprehensive care (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.28 to 1.20; P = 0.14).

Authors' conclusions: There is low quality evidence that medical day hospitals appear effective compared to no comprehensive care for the combined outcome of death or poor outcome, and for deterioration in ADL. There is no clear evidence for other outcomes, or an advantage over other medical care provision.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Two of the authors of this review, JY and AF, were involved in one of the included studies (Young 1992).

Figures

1
1
2
2
Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
3
3
Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.
1.1
1.1. Analysis
Comparison 1 Day Hospital vs Alternative Care ‐ patient outcomes, Outcome 1 Death by the end of follow up.
1.2
1.2. Analysis
Comparison 1 Day Hospital vs Alternative Care ‐ patient outcomes, Outcome 2 Death or institutional care by the end of follow up.
1.3
1.3. Analysis
Comparison 1 Day Hospital vs Alternative Care ‐ patient outcomes, Outcome 3 Death or deterioration in activities of daily living (ADL).
1.4
1.4. Analysis
Comparison 1 Day Hospital vs Alternative Care ‐ patient outcomes, Outcome 4 Death or poor outcome (institutional care, disability or deterioration).
1.5
1.5. Analysis
Comparison 1 Day Hospital vs Alternative Care ‐ patient outcomes, Outcome 5 Deterioration in activities of daily living (ADL) in survivors.
2.1
2.1. Analysis
Comparison 2 Day Hospital vs Alternative Care ‐ resource outcomes, Outcome 1 Requiring institutional care at the end of follow up.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

Comment in

References

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References to studies awaiting assessment

ISRCTN53696600 {published data only}
    1. ISRCTN53696600. Can assistance by carers during walking in the home be reduced by increasing physiotherapy input for stroke patients attending a day hospital once a week?. http://www.controlled‐trials.com/ISRCTN53696600/53696600 (accessed December 2013).
Matzen 2007 {published data only}
    1. Matzen L E, Foged L, Pedersen P, Wengler K, Andersen‐Ranberg K. Primary visitation of elective referred geriatric patients‐‐a randomised study of home visits compared to day hospital visits. Ugeskrift for laeger 2007;169(22):2109‐13. - PubMed
Moe 2010 {published data only}
    1. Moe R H, Uhlig T, Kjeken I, Hagen K B, Kvien T K, Grotle M. Multidisciplinary and multifaceted outpatient management of patients with osteoarthritis: protocol for a randomised, controlled trial [BMC musculoskeletal disorders]. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2010;11(1):253. - PMC - PubMed
NCT00785746 {published data only}
    1. NCT00785746. Improving Balance in Frail Elderly. http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00785746 (accessed December 2013).
Yamada 2005 {published data only}
    1. Yamada S, Toba K. A prospective comparison of day care and freely chosen occupational therapy for elderly patients with dementia. Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi. Japanese journal of geriatrics 2004;42(1):83. - PubMed

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References to other published versions of this review

Forster 1999
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