Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2015 Jun 11:8:23.
doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2015.00023. eCollection 2015.

Insights into the physiological role of CNS regeneration inhibitors

Katherine T Baldwin  1 , Roman J Giger  2
Affiliations
Review

Insights into the physiological role of CNS regeneration inhibitors

Katherine T Baldwin et al. Front Mol Neurosci. .

Abstract

The growth inhibitory nature of injured adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) tissue constitutes a major barrier to robust axonal outgrowth and functional recovery following trauma or disease. Prototypic CNS regeneration inhibitors are broadly expressed in the healthy and injured brain and spinal cord and include myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), the reticulon family member NogoA, oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp), and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). These structurally diverse molecules strongly inhibit neurite outgrowth in vitro, and have been most extensively studied in the context of nervous system injury in vivo. The physiological role of CNS regeneration inhibitors in the naïve, or uninjured, CNS remains less well understood, but has received growing attention in recent years and is the focus of this review. CNS regeneration inhibitors regulate myelin development and axon stability, consolidate neuronal structure shaped by experience, and limit activity-dependent modification of synaptic strength. Altered function of CNS regeneration inhibitors is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, suggesting crucial roles in brain development and health.

Keywords: CSPGs; MAG; NogoA; OMgp; regeneration; synaptic plasticity.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Akbik F. V., Bhagat S. M., Patel P. R., Cafferty W. B., Strittmatter S. M. (2013). Anatomical plasticity of adult brain is titrated by Nogo Receptor 1. Neuron 77, 859–866. 10.1016/j.neuron.2012.12.027 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Atwal J. K., Pinkston-Gosse J., Syken J., Stawicki S., Wu Y., Shatz C., et al. . (2008). PirB is a functional receptor for myelin inhibitors of axonal regeneration. Science 322, 967–970. 10.1126/science.1161151 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bekku Y., Rauch U., Ninomiya Y., Oohashi T. (2009). Brevican distinctively assembles extracellular components at the large diameter nodes of Ranvier in the CNS. J. Neurochem. 108, 1266–1276. 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05873.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bradbury E. J., Moon L. D., Popat R. J., King V. R., Bennett G. S., Patel P. N., et al. . (2002). Chondroitinase ABC promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Nature 416, 636–640. 10.1038/416636a - DOI - PubMed
    1. Caroni P., Savio T., Schwab M. E. (1988). Central nervous system regeneration: oligodendrocytes and myelin as non-permissive substrates for neurite growth. Prog. Brain Res. 78, 363–370. - PubMed