Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2015 Jun 26;20(7):11777-92.
doi: 10.3390/molecules200711777.

Anemarrhena asphodeloides Non-Steroidal Saponin Components Alter the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Its Steroidal Saponins in Rat

Zhishu Tang  1 , Guolong Li  2 , Jie Yang  3 , Jinao Duan  4   5 , Dawei Qian  6   7 , Jianming Guo  8 , Zhenhua Zhu  9 , Zhongxing Song  10
Affiliations

Anemarrhena asphodeloides Non-Steroidal Saponin Components Alter the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Its Steroidal Saponins in Rat

Zhishu Tang et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

A rapid, selective and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS assay was established to determine the plasma concentrations of four steroidal saponins. Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to four groups which were orally administered Anemarrhena asphodeloides extracts (ASE), ASE combined with macromolecular fraction (ASE-MF), ASE combined with small molecule fraction (ASE-SF) and ASE combined with small molecule and macromolecular fraction (ASE-SF-MF) containing approximately the same dose of ASE. At different time points, the concentration of timosaponin BII, anemarsaponin BIII, timosaponin AIII and timosaponin E1 in rat plasma were determined and main pharmacokinetic parameters including Cmax, Tmax, T1/2, AUC were calculated using the DAS 3.2 software package. The statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t-test with p < 0.05 as the level of significance. MF had no effect on the pharmacokinetic behaviors and parameters of four steroidal saponins. It was found that Cmax and AUC of four steroidal saponins in group ASE-SF and ASE-SF-MF, were significantly increased compared with those in group ASE. These results indicate that SF in A. asphodeloides extracts could increase the absorption and improve the bioavailability of the steroidal saponins.

Keywords: A. asphodeloides extract; UPLC-TQ/MS; non-steroidal saponins; pharmacokinetics influence; steroidal saponins.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of timosaponinBII (1), anemarsaponin BIII (2), timosaponin AIII (3), timosaponin E1 (4) and ginsenoside Re (IS).
Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of timosaponinBII (1), anemarsaponin BIII (2), timosaponin AIII (3), timosaponin E1 (4) and ginsenoside Re (IS).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representatives extract ion MRM chromatograms of compounds 1–4 and ginsenoside Re (IS): (A) blank plasma; (B) blank plasma spiked with each compound; (C) plasma sample at 45 min after oral ASE extract; (D) blank.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean plasma concentration-time curves of steroidal saponins.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Wang Y.L., Dan Y., Yang D.W., Hu Y.L., Zhang L., Zhang C.H., Zhu H., Cui Z.H., Li M.H., Liu Y.Z. The genus Anemarrhena Bunge: A review on ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2014;153:42–60. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.02.013. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission . Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China (English Edition) Volume I People’s Medical Publishing House; Beijing, China: 2010/2015.
    1. Deng Y., Ma B.P., Xu Q.P., Xiong C.Q., Liu R.Q., Zhao Y., Si Y.C. Effect and mechanism of effective component in Zhimu on ability of learning and memory in vascular dementia rats. Chin. Pharm. Bull. 2005;21:833–837.
    1. Lee B., Trinh H.T., Jung K., Han S.J., Kim D.H. Inhibitory effects of steroidal timosaponins isolated from the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides against passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction and pruritus. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 2010;32:357–363. doi: 10.3109/08923970903383889. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Tobari A., Teshima M., Koyanagi J., Kawase M., Miyamae H., Yoza K., Takasaki A., Nagamura Y., Saito S. Spirostanols obtained by cyclization of pseudosaponin derivatives and comparison of anti-platelet agglutination activities of spirostanol glycosides. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2008;22:511–527. - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources