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Review
. 2015 Jun 17:5:98.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00098. eCollection 2015.

Brain Tumor Immunotherapy: What have We Learned so Far?

Stefaan Willy Van Gool  1
Affiliations
Review

Brain Tumor Immunotherapy: What have We Learned so Far?

Stefaan Willy Van Gool. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

High grade glioma is a rare brain cancer, incurable in spite of modern neurosurgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Novel approaches are in research, and immunotherapy emerges as a promising strategy. Clinical experiences with active specific immunotherapy demonstrate feasibility, safety and most importantly, but incompletely understood, prolonged long-term survival in a fraction of the patients. In relapsed patients, we developed an immunotherapy schedule and we categorized patients into clinically defined risk profiles. We learned how to combine immunotherapy with standard multimodal treatment strategies for newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme patients. The developmental program allows further improvements related to newest scientific insights. Finally, we developed a mode of care within academic centers to organize cell-based therapies for experimental clinical trials in a large number of patients.

Keywords: dendritic cell vaccines; galectin-1; immunomodulation; immunotherapy; malignant glioma; oncolytic viruses.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Immunotherapy for HGG: a translational research program.
Figure 2
Figure 2
HGG-IMMUNO-2003 cohorts.
Figure 3
Figure 3
PFS and OS of adults with relapsed HGG.
Figure 4
Figure 4
PFS and OS of adults with primary diagnosis of GBM.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Outline of the phase IIb randomized clinical trial HGG-2010.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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