Production of trichothecene and non-trichothecene mycotoxins by Fusarium species isolated from maize in Minnesota

Abstract

Eighty-two cultures of Fusarium species isolated in 1986 from moldy maize in Minnesota were each cultured on rice for 4 weeks and found to produce the following mycotoxins: F. graminearum isolates, deoxynivalenol (DON, 4-225 micrograms/g), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON, 2-4 micrograms/g), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON, 1-35 micrograms/g) and zearalenone (ZEA, 5-4350 micrograms/g); F. moniliforme, fusarin C (detectable amounts to 1000 micrograms/g); F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans isolates, moniliformin (15-6775 micrograms/g); F. moniliforme, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans isolates, fusaric acid (detectable amounts). Other mycotoxins screened for in each rice sample and not detected were T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, neosolaniol, T-2 tetraol, nivalenol, fusarenon-X, scirpenols, alpha and beta trans-zearalenols, wortmannin, and fusarochromanone. The rat feeding bioassay indicated that other, unidentified toxins may be present.