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Review
. 2015 Jul-Sep;19(3):e2015.00028.
doi: 10.4293/JSLS.2015.00028.

Appendiceal Nodules in the Setting of Endometriosis Can Be Carcinoid Tumors

Igor Leonardo Padovesi Mota  1 , Sidney Klajner  2 , Manoel Orlando da Costa Gonçalves  3 , Leigh J Passman  4 , Sergio Podgaec  1
Affiliations
Review

Appendiceal Nodules in the Setting of Endometriosis Can Be Carcinoid Tumors

Igor Leonardo Padovesi Mota et al. JSLS. 2015 Jul-Sep.

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is occasionally found in the appendix, particularly in severe forms of deep infiltrating disease. Carcinoid tumor is the most common neoplasm of the appendix and may be overlooked or misdiagnosed when there are multiple endometriosis lesions in the pelvis.

Case description: We describe two cases of carcinoid tumor diagnosed in patients who underwent surgery to treat endometriosis, in whom the diagnosis of appendiceal endometriosis was presumed.

Discussion: In the context of endometriosis, surgery is indicated when the appendix is affected. Despite the more likely diagnosis of appendiceal endometriosis, carcinoid tumors cannot be ruled out by imaging examinations.

Keywords: Appendiceal neoplasm; Appendix; Carcinoid tumor; Endometriosis.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Hypervascular solid nodule at the tip of the appendix (arrows). A, Postcontrast axial T1 MRI with fat suppression. B, Transabdominal ultrasonography with high-resolution linear transducer. C, Transvaginal ultrasonography.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Transvaginal ultrasonography. A, DIE of the sigmoid colon, with focal thickening of the muscularis propria (arrow). B, Endometrioma of the right ovary.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
J-shaped appendix with a nodular lesion at the tip.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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