Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2015 Jul-Sep;22(3):292-7.
doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.159723.

Uses of the Inferior Oblique Muscle in Strabismus Surgery

David Stager Jr  1 , Lori M Dao  1 , Joost Felius  2
Affiliations
Review

Uses of the Inferior Oblique Muscle in Strabismus Surgery

David Stager Jr et al. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2015 Jul-Sep.

Abstract

Inferior oblique muscle weakening is typically performed for overaction of the muscle. In this article, we review inferior oblique muscle anatomy, different weakening procedures, and recent surgical techniques that take advantage of the muscle's unique anatomy for the treatment of additional indications such as excyclotorsion and hypertropia in primary gaze.

Keywords: Extraocular Muscle Surgery; Inferior Oblique; Strabismus.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram demonstrating the key differences among the various inferior oblique weakening techniques. Each panel depicts the patient's right eye viewed from below; (a) natural position of the inferior oblique muscle indicating the fields of action and the axes of Fick (x, y, and z); (b) recession; (c) anterior transposition; (d) anterior nasal transposition; (e and f) nasal myectomy. See text for details. IO: Inferior oblique muscle; IR: Inferior rectus muscle; LR: Lateral rectus muscle; NFVB: Neurofibrovascular bundle
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Hertle RW. National Eye Institute Sponsored Classification of Eye Movement Abnormalities and Strabismus Working Group. A next step in naming and classification of eye movement disorders and strabismus. J AAPOS. 2002;6:201–2. - PubMed
    1. CEMAS Working Group. A National Eye Institute-Sponsored Workshop and Publication on the Classification of Eye Movement Abnormalities and Strabismus (CEMAS) Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 2001.
    1. Kushner BJ. Multiple mechanisms of extraocular muscle “overaction”. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124:680–8. - PubMed
    1. Mims JL., 3rd Alternate explanations for inferior oblique muscle “overaction”. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124:1797–8. - PubMed
    1. Stager D, Jr, McLoon LK, Felius J. Postulating a role for connective tissue elements in inferior oblique muscle overaction (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis) Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2013;111:119–32. - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms