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. 2015 Aug;57(2):198-204.
doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.04.006.

Trends Among U.S. High School Seniors in Recent Marijuana Use and Associations With Other Substances: 1976-2013

Stephanie T Lanza  1 , Sara A Vasilenko  2 , John J Dziak  2 , Nicole M Butera  3
Affiliations

Trends Among U.S. High School Seniors in Recent Marijuana Use and Associations With Other Substances: 1976-2013

Stephanie T Lanza et al. J Adolesc Health. 2015 Aug.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe historical trends in rates of recent substance use and associations between marijuana and other substances, among U.S. high school seniors by race and gender.

Methods: Data from Monitoring the Future (1976-2013; N = 599,109) were used to estimate historical trends in alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking (HED), cigarette use, and marijuana use. We used time-varying effect models to flexibly estimate changes in associations of substance use behaviors.

Results: Past-month marijuana use rates peaked in the 1970s, declined through 1990, then rose again to reach levels of use of more than 20% for both black and white participants. Recent years show increasing disparities across groups such that males, and in particular black youth, are on a trajectory toward higher use. This rise in marijuana use is particularly concerning among black youth, with rates far exceeding those for cigarette use and HED. The association of marijuana use with both cigarette use and HED is particularly high in recent years among black adolescents.

Conclusions: Substance use recently declined among high school seniors, except for marijuana use, particularly among black youth. The increasing association between marijuana and other substances among black adolescents suggests future amplification in critical health disparities.

Keywords: Adolescent substance use; Marijuana use; Time-varying effect model.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Estimated percentages (with 95% confidence intervals) of White and Black adolescents reporting recent alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking (HED), cigarette use, and marijuana use as a function of historical time.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Estimated percentages (with 95% confidence intervals) of male and female adolescents reporting recent alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking (HED), cigarette use, and marijuana use as a function of historical time.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Estimated increase in odds (with 95% confidence intervals) of recent marijuana use associated with recent alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking (HED), and cigarette use for Black and White adolescents as a function of historical time.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Estimated increase in odds (with 95% confidence intervals) of recent marijuana use associated with recent alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking (HED), and cigarette use for male and female adolescents as a function of historical time.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Estimated percentages (with 95% confidence intervals) of specific combinations of recent marijuana and other substance use as a function of historical time.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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