Women demonstrate more pain and worse function before THA but comparable results 12 months after surgery

Abstract

Background: Many studies report differences in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for men and women undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Few studies have evaluated whether these are explained by corresponding differences in important preoperative factors.

Questions/purposes: (1) Are there differences between men and women in PROM scores preoperatively and 12 months after THA? (2) Do baseline differences in comorbidity, age, body mass index (BMI), and mental health status explain these differences in PROM scores?

Methods: Preoperatively, 300 patients completed the Oxford Hip Score (OHS), WOMAC, and SF-12; 261 (86%) of them (129 women, 64 ± 11 years; 132 men, 66 ± 10 years) completed the same questionnaires 12 months postoperatively and also rated the acceptability of their current symptoms and change in general health.

Results: Preoperatively, women showed worse scores than men in the OHS (-1.9; 95% confidence interval, -3.6 to -0.3) and WOMAC (-6.3; -10.9 to -1.7). At 12 months postoperatively, the absolute scores for all PROMs were not significantly different. After controlling for BMI, age, comorbidity, SF-12 mental health scores, and sociodemographic characteristics, the baseline differences remained.

Conclusions: Surgeons may be more reluctant to operate on women than men because they perceive that, because of their worse baseline status, women are likely to have worse outcomes; however, given that we found no evidence for differences in patient-reported outcomes at 12 months, these suspicions would appear to be unfounded. Women and men can be expected to benefit to a similar extent from THA.

Level of evidence: Level III, therapeutic study.

Fig. 1

The figure shows the change scores for the PROMs from preoperatively to 12 months postoperatively for women and men.

Fig. 2A−B

The figure shows the global treatment outcome ratings of the women and men 12 months postoperatively. (A) If you had to spend the rest of your life with the symptoms you have now, how would you feel about it? (B) Compared to 1 year ago, how would you rate your health in general now?