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Observational Study
. 2015 Nov;78(5):498-504.
doi: 10.1038/pr.2015.152. Epub 2015 Aug 13.

Serum eotaxin-1 is increased in extremely-low-birth-weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death

Jegen Kandasamy  1 , Claire Roane  1 , Alexander Szalai  2 , Namasivayam Ambalavanan  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

Serum eotaxin-1 is increased in extremely-low-birth-weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death

Jegen Kandasamy et al. Pediatr Res. 2015 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Early systemic inflammation in extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants is associated with an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Our objective was to identify circulating biomarkers and develop prediction models for BPD/death soon after birth.

Methods: Blood samples from postnatal day 1 were analyzed for C-reactive protein (CRP) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and for 39 cytokines/chemokines by a multiplex assay in 152 ELBW infants. The primary outcome was physiologic BPD or death by 36 wk. CRP, cytokines, and clinical variables available at ≤24 h were used for forward stepwise regression and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis to identify predictors of BPD/death.

Results: Overall, 24% developed BPD and 35% died or developed BPD. Regression analysis identified birth weight and eotaxin (CCL11) as the two most significant variables. CART identified FiO2 at 24 h (11% BPD/death if FiO2 ≤28%, 49% if >28%) and eotaxin in infants with FiO2 > 28% (29% BPD/death if eotaxin was ≤84 pg/ml; 65% if >84) as variables most associated with outcome.

Conclusion: Eotaxin measured on the day of birth is useful for identifying ELBW infants at risk of BPD/death. Further investigation is required to determine if eotaxin is involved in lung injury and pathogenesis of BPD.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest/Financial Disclosures: There are no conflicts of interest or financial disclosures (other than funding as stated above) for any of the authors.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Serum eotaxin concentrations on postnatal day 1, comparing ELBW infants who survived without BPD to infants who died or develop BPD. Box and whiskers plot indicates median, 25th-75th centiles (lower and upper borders of box), 5th-95th centiles (lower and upper whiskers) and outliers (black dots). *p<0.05 versus “No BPD” group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Classification and regression tree model for BPD/death by 36 weeks' post-menstrual age. The percentage of BPD/death at each node is indicated in bold font.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Absolute eosinophil counts on postnatal day 1 in infants who survived without BPD, compared to those who died or developed BPD (mean ± SEM; *p<0.05 versus “No BPD” group).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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