Adnexal Masses: Role of Supplemental Imaging With Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

Sonography is the primary and often the only imaging modality used for evaluation of an adnexal mass. Grayscale sonography with color and spectral Doppler imaging is able to accurately characterize most of the adnexal masses. Supplemental imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in selected cases. Computed tomography is preferred for evaluation of bowel-related pathology masquerading as an adnexal mass and for staging of gynecologic cancers. Owing to its superior contrast resolution and multiplanar imaging capability, MRI is helpful in characterizing an indeterminate adnexal mass, as well as determining the organ of origin of an adnexal mass. MRI thereby allows planning of appropriate surgical or nonsurgical management of neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions affecting the adnexa. Imaging evaluation of adnexal masses and the supplemental role of MRI in the management of adnexal masses are discussed.