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. 2016 Mar;25(3):707-19.
doi: 10.1007/s11136-015-1108-2. Epub 2015 Aug 25.

Japanese population norms for preference-based measures: EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, and SF-6D

Takeru Shiroiwa  1 , Takashi Fukuda  2 , Shunya Ikeda  3 , Ataru Igarashi  4 , Shinichi Noto  5 , Shinya Saito  6 , Kojiro Shimozuma  7
Affiliations

Japanese population norms for preference-based measures: EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, and SF-6D

Takeru Shiroiwa et al. Qual Life Res. 2016 Mar.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the population norms for the Japanese versions of preference-based measures (EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, and SF-6D). We also considered the relations between QOL score in the general population and socio-demographic factors.

Methods: A total of 1143 adult respondents (aged ≥ 20 years) were randomly sampled from across Japan using data from the Basic Resident Register. The health status of each respondent was measured using the EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, and SF-6D, and responses regarding socio-demographic data as well as subjective diseases and symptoms were obtained. The responses were converted to a QOL score using Japanese value sets.

Results: The percentages of respondents with full health scores were 68 % (EQ-5D-3L), 55 % (EQ-5D-5L), and 4 % (SF-6D). The QOL score measured using the SF-6D was significantly lower than those measured using either EQ-5D score. The QOL score was significantly lower among respondents over the age of 60 years, those who had a lower income, and those who had a shorter period of education. Intraclass correlation coefficient showed a poor agreement between the EQ-5D and SF-6D scores. The differences in QOL scores between respondents with and those without any disease were 0.064 for the EQ-5D-3L, 0.061 for the EQ-5D-5L, and 0.073 for the SF-6D; these differences are regarded as between-group minimal important differences in the general population.

Conclusion: The Japanese population norms of three preference-based QOL measures were examined for the first time. Such information is useful for economic evaluations and research examining QOL score.

Keywords: EQ-5D; Health-related quality of life; Japan; Population norms; QALY; SF-6D.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Bland–Altman plot between EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Comparison of Japanese population norms with those of other countries. a EQ-5D-3L, b SF-6D
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Percentage of respondents reporting full health
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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