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. 2015 Jul 3;9(3):325-33.
doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v9i3.5224. eCollection 2015.

First description of B chromosomes in the Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes, Characidae) genus: a hypothesis for the extra element of Hyphessobryconeques Steindachner, 1882

Diovani Piscor  1 , Patricia Pasquali Parise-Maltempi  1
Affiliations

First description of B chromosomes in the Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes, Characidae) genus: a hypothesis for the extra element of Hyphessobryconeques Steindachner, 1882

Diovani Piscor et al. Comp Cytogenet. .

Abstract

The Hyphessobrycon are allocated in the incertae sedis group of the Characidae family, one of the genera with more species of the group. The chromosomes of some species of Hyphessobrycon are known, and the diploid number most common for genus is 2n = 50 chromosomes. The aims of this study were to examine the karyotype macrostructure in the Hyphessobryconeques Steindachner, 1882, and show a new origin hypothesis for B chromosomes. The diploid number observed for Hyphessobryconeques was 2n = 52 chromosomes, and a karyotype formulae of 12m + 18sm + 8st + 14a, with FN (fundamental number) = 90 for both sexes. Only two females showed one B chromosome. The heterochromatin was observed mainly on centromeric regions, and in the long arm of the B chromosome. In this paper, the relationship of the B chromosome of Hyphessobryconeques with an occasional chromosome rearrangement was discussed.

Keywords: C-banding; Karyotype; chromosome evolution; heteromorphism; supernumerary chromosomes.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Giemsa stained chromosomes of Hyphessobrycon eques. A Karyotype without B chromosome B Karyotype with B chromosome. Inset show the B chromosome. Bar = 10 µm.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Mitotic metaphase chromosomes. A Giemsa stained B C-banding. The arrow indicates the B chromosome and the arrowhead indicates the secondary constriction. Inset show the pair 19 C-banded of an individual without B chromosome. Bar = 10 µm.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Scheme showing a possible origin of the B chromosome in Hyphessobrycon eques. A Pair 19 not fissioned B The short arm of one homologous underwent fission and inversion C One homologous of pair 19 without the secondary constriction and a B chromosome formed.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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