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. 2016 Jan 15;213(2):191-8.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv403. Epub 2015 Aug 27.

Seroprevalence of 9 Human Papillomavirus Types in the United States, 2005-2006

Gui Liu  1 , Lauri E Markowitz  1 , Susan Hariri  1 , Gitika Panicker  2 , Elizabeth R Unger  2
Affiliations

Seroprevalence of 9 Human Papillomavirus Types in the United States, 2005-2006

Gui Liu et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: A 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, licensed in 2014, prevents 4 HPV types targeted by the quadrivalent vaccine (6/11/16/18) and 5 additional high-risk (HR) types (31/33/45/52/58). Measuring seropositivity before vaccine introduction provides baseline data on exposure to types targeted by vaccines.

Methods: We determined seroprevalence of HPV 6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 among 4943 persons aged 14-59 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2006.

Results: Among females, seroprevalence was 40.5% for any of the 9 vaccine types, 30.0% for any 7 HR types (16/18/31/33/45/52/58), 19.0% for any 5 additional types (31/33/45/52/58), and 18.3% for 16/18. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks had higher seroprevalence of 31/33/45/52/58 (36.8% vs 15.9%) and 16/18 (30.1% vs 17.8%), while Mexican Americans had higher seroprevalence of 31/33/45/52/58 (23.6% vs 15.9%) (P < .05 for all). In multivariable analyses of data from females, race/ethnicity, number of sex partners, and age were associated with 16/18 and 31/33/45/52/58 seropositivity. Seropositivity was lower among males than among females (P < .001 for all type categories).

Conclusions: In 2005-2006, about 40% of females and 20% of males had serological evidence of exposure to ≥1 of 9 HPV types. Seroprevalence of all type categories, especially HPV 31/33/45/52/58 among females, varied by race/ethnicity.

Keywords: human papillomavirus; racial differences; seroprevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Seroprevalence for any of the 9 types (6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58), any of the 7 HR types (16/18/31/33/45/52/58), HPV 16/18, and any of the 5 additional types (31/33/45/52/58) in the 9-valent vaccine, by age group, for females (A) and males (B). Abbreviations: HPV, human papillomavirus; HR, high-risk.
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