[Optimization of preoperative hemoglobin levels in patients without anemia and/or patients who undergo surgery with high blood loss]

Abstract

To minimize allogeneic blood transfusions (ABTs) during complex surgery and surgery with considerable blood loss risk, various blood-sparing techniques are needed (multimodal approach). All surgical patients should be assessed with sufficient time to optimize hemoglobin levels and iron reserves so that the established perioperative transfusion strategy is appropriate. Even if the patient does not have anemia, improving hemoglobin levels to reduce the risk of ABT is justified in some cases, especially those in which the patient refuses a transfusion. Treatment with iron and/or erythropoietic agents might also be justified for cases that need a significant autologous blood reserve to minimize ABT during surgery with considerable blood loss.

Keywords: Anemia preoperatoria; Blood-sparing techniques; Cirugía hemorrágica; Hemoglobin; Hemoglobina; Hemorrhagic surgery; Hierro intravenoso; Intravenous iron; Optimización preoperatoria; Perioperative anemia; Preoperative optimization; Técnicas de ahorro de sangre.