Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial colorectal tumors more than 50 mm in diameter

Abstract

Background and aims: The feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for large superficial colorectal tumors is undefined. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes for patients undergoing ESD of superficial colorectal tumors larger than 50 mm.

Methods: A total of 472 patients who underwent ESD for superficial colorectal tumors from 2010 to 2014 were enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed their records.

Results: We compared patients with 20-mm to 50-mm lesions and those with lesions >50 mm regarding demographics, the ESD procedure, and histopathology. Among patients with lesions >50 mm, laterally spreading tumors nongranular and protruded types were uncommon. Histopathologically, deeply invasive (≥1000 μm) submucosal carcinomas were more frequent in lesions >50 mm (14% [10/70] vs 5% [20/402], P < .01). Technically, en bloc resection was successfully accomplished in 99% of patients (69/70). Although the total dissection time for lesions >50 mm was significantly longer than for lesions 20 mm to 50 mm (mean ± SD, 157 ± 114 minutes vs 68 ± 50 min; P < .01), dissection speed for lesions >50 mm was significantly faster than for lesions 20 mm to 50 mm (P < .01). There were no significant differences in en bloc R0 resection rate comparing both groups (>50 mm, 83% vs 20 mm to 50 mm, 87%; P = .31). No perforations or postoperative bleeding occurred in patients with lesions >50 mm. Post-ESD colorectal strictures requiring intervention did not develop in any patient.

Conclusions: ESD for superficial colorectal tumors >50 mm is feasible. ESD of these lesions had a high R0 resection rate and a low adverse event rate. En bloc resection by ESD provides adequate pathological specimens and may limit the need for surgical intervention.