HIV DNA Vaccine: Stepwise Improvements Make a Difference

Barbara K Felber¹, Antonio Valentin², Margherita Rosati³, Cristina Bergamaschi⁴, George N Pavlakis⁵

Affiliations

¹ Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. barbara.felber@nih.gov.
² Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. antonio.valentin@nih.gov.
³ Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. margherita.rosati@nih.gov.
⁴ Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. cristina.bergamaschi@nih.gov.
⁵ Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. george.pavlakis@nih.gov.

PMID: 26344623
PMCID: PMC4494255
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines2020354

Review

HIV DNA Vaccine: Stepwise Improvements Make a Difference

Barbara K Felber et al. Vaccines (Basel). 2014.

. 2014 May 14;2(2):354-79.

doi: 10.3390/vaccines2020354.

Authors

Barbara K Felber¹, Antonio Valentin², Margherita Rosati³, Cristina Bergamaschi⁴, George N Pavlakis⁵

Affiliations

¹ Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. barbara.felber@nih.gov.
² Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. antonio.valentin@nih.gov.
³ Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. margherita.rosati@nih.gov.
⁴ Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. cristina.bergamaschi@nih.gov.
⁵ Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. george.pavlakis@nih.gov.

PMID: 26344623
PMCID: PMC4494255
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines2020354

Abstract

Inefficient DNA delivery methods and low expression of plasmid DNA have been major obstacles for the use of plasmid DNA as vaccine for HIV/AIDS. This review describes successful efforts to improve DNA vaccine methodology over the past ~30 years. DNA vaccination, either alone or in combination with other methods, has the potential to be a rapid, safe, and effective vaccine platform against AIDS. Recent clinical trials suggest the feasibility of its translation to the clinic.

Keywords: DNA delivery; DNA expression; cytokine; electroporation; immunogenicity; macaque; plasmid; vaccination.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
Optimization of DNA expression and delivery: from bench to bedside. Several steps are necessary to improve the efficiency of DNA as vaccine including RNA/codon optimization of the gene, the use of optimized expression vectors, and combinations of DNA vaccine with molecular adjuvants to increase immunogenicity and using different delivery methods and sites.

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HIV DNA Vaccine: Stepwise Improvements Make a Difference

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HIV DNA Vaccine: Stepwise Improvements Make a Difference

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