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. 2015 Sep 7:14:91.
doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0081-5.

Preoperative malnutrition assessments as predictors of postoperative mortality and morbidity in colorectal cancer: an analysis of ACS-NSQIP

Wan-H Hu  1   2   3 , Luis C Cajas-Monson  4 , Samuel Eisenstein  5   6 , Lisa Parry  7   8 , Bard Cosman  9   10 , Sonia Ramamoorthy  11   12
Affiliations

Preoperative malnutrition assessments as predictors of postoperative mortality and morbidity in colorectal cancer: an analysis of ACS-NSQIP

Wan-H Hu et al. Nutr J. .

Abstract

Background: Nutritional status is an important factor in predicting the risk associated with surgery for cancer patients. This is especially true in colorectal cancer. Many nutritional assessments are used in clinical practice, but those assessments are rarely evaluated for their ability to predict postoperative outcome.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multi-institutional study of the ACS-NSQIP database, investigating preoperative nutrition status and its association with postoperative mortality and morbidity.

Results: The prevalence of malnutrition is higher in colorectal cancer, when compared with other most common cancers. Among 42,483 colorectal cancer patients postoperative mortality was significantly associated with hypoalbuminemia (hazard ratio = 3.064, p < 0.001), body weight loss (hazard ratio = 1.229, p = 0.033) and body mass index of <18.5 kg/m(2) (hazard ratio = 1.797, p < 0.001). Only hypoalbuminemia significantly predicted all postoperative complications, even in further multivariate logistic regression analyses (p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that the hypoalbuminemia group had the highest coefficient in significant association with length of total hospital stay (B = 3.585, p < 0.001) and overall complication (B = 0.119, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: In colorectal cancer, malnutrition significantly contributes to postoperative mortality, morbidity and length of total hospital stay. Hypoalbuminemia, with levels below 3.5 g/dl, serves as an excellent assessment tool and preoperative predictor of postoperative outcomes.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Malnutrition rate was demonstrated with serum albumin, body weight loss and body mass index criteria. a Comparison of malnutrition rate in most common cancers; b Annular malnutrition rate in colorectal cancer, 2009–2013. BWL, body weight loss; BMI, body mass index
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Adjusted odds ratio plot of the association between significant postoperative outcomes with malnutrition. They were evaluated by serum albumin, body weight loss and body mass index, respectively. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, multivariate logistic regression. BML, body weight loss; BMI, body mass index; OR, operating room
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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