Pulmonary scedosporiosis mimicking aspergilloma in an immunocompetent host: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

A case of localized lung scedosporiosis is reported here that mimicked aspergilloma in an immunocompetent host. Through this case the importance of considering Scedosporium spp. in differential diagnosis of locally invasive lung infections and fungal ball is highlighted. As it is difficult to differentiate Scedosporium from Aspergillus on clinical grounds, microscopy, radiology and histopathology, this case is further emphasizing the significance of the definitive etiological characterization of Scedosporium through culture or molecular diagnostic tools. Accurate identification of Scedosporium, surgical resection and high-dose voriconazole has been associated with favorable outcome in most reported cases of scedosporiosis.

Keywords: Aspergilloma; Lung scedosporiosis; Pulmonary scedosporiosis; Scedosporiosis; Scedosporiosis in an immunocompetent host; Scedosporium apiospermum; Treatment of scedosporiosis; Voriconazole.