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Review
. 2015 Mar 1;15(6):1-42.
eCollection 2015.

Effect of Increased Intensity of Physiotherapy on Patient Outcomes After Stroke: An Evidence-Based Analysis

S Sehatzadeh
Review

Effect of Increased Intensity of Physiotherapy on Patient Outcomes After Stroke: An Evidence-Based Analysis

S Sehatzadeh. Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. .

Abstract

Background: After stroke, impairment of the upper and lower limb can limit patients' motor function and ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). Physiotherapy (PT) is an established clinical practice for stroke patients, playing an important role in improving limb function. Recently, several randomized trials have evaluated the effect of higher-intensity physiotherapy (increased duration and/or frequency) on patients' functional ability.

Objectives: Our objective is to investigate whether an increased intensity of PT after stroke results in better outcomes for patients.

Data sources: A literature search was performed on June 7, 2013, for English-language randomized controlled trials published from January 1, 2003, to June 7, 2013. Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid Embase, EBSCO Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and EBM Reviews were searched.

Review methods: We reviewed the full text of articles that compared 2 or more levels of PT intensity. Outcomes of interest included motor function, ADL, and quality of life (QOL).

Results: High-quality evidence showed that higher-intensity upper-limb PT and higher-intensity lower-limb PT both resulted in significantly greater improvements in motor function. Moderate-quality evidence showed that higher-intensity general PT did not. Moderate-quality evidence showed a significant improvement in ADL performance with higher-intensity upper-limb PT, but no improvement with higher-intensity general PT; no studies reported on ADL outcomes on lower-limb PT specifically. According to moderate-quality evidence, patient QOL did not change significantly after increased intensity of upper-limb, lower-limb, or general PT. When considering the results, one difference should be noted: Compared with the studies examining upper- and lower-limb PT, the studies examining general PT looked at a smaller increase-2 hours or less of additional therapy per week.

Limitations: This analysis is limited to the earlier post-stroke phase and is not equipped to comment on expected outcomes of later-stage PT.

Conclusions: Overall, this analysis found support for the use of more intensive PT to improve motor function and ability to perform ADL after stroke.

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Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:. Citation Flow Chart
Figure 2:
Figure 2:. Changes in ARAT Scores After 6 Weeks of Physiotherapy
Figure 3:
Figure 3:. Comparison of ARAT Scores at Different Time Points According to Difference in Physiotherapy Time
Figure 4:
Figure 4:. Comparison of ARAT Scores After 14 Days of Forearm and Hand Training
Figure 5:
Figure 5:. Comparison of Walking-Speed Scores After 6 Weeks of Lower-Limb Physiotherapy
Figure 6:
Figure 6:. Comparison of ADL Scores After Upper-Limb Physiotherapy, Using Barthel Index
Figure 7:
Figure 7:. Comparison of ADL Scores After Upper-Limb Physiotherapy, Using CAHAI
Figure 8:
Figure 8:. Comparison of ADL Scores After General Physiotherapy, Using Barthel Index
Figure 9:
Figure 9:. Comparison of ADL Scores After General Physiotherapy, Using Nottingham Extended ADL Index
Figure 10:
Figure 10:. Comparison of Quality of Life Scores After General Physiotherapy
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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