Air Transmission Comparison of the Affinity Fusion Oxygenator with an Integrated Arterial Filter to the Affinity NT Oxygenator with a Separate Arterial Filter

Abstract

Arterial filters used in the extracorporeal circuit (ECC) have been shown to minimize cerebral injury by capturing particulate matter and microbubbles. We clinically use the Affinity NT oxygenator with an Affinity arterial filter attached ("Affinity system"). The new Affinity Fusion oxygenator ("Fusion") incorporates integrated arterial filtering. Our aim was to determine if the Fusion oxygenator was as safe as the Affinity system in terms of relative microbubble transmission of introduced air. A recirculating in vitro circuit primed with blood was used to compare the Fusion with the Affinity system. Microbubbles were detected using a GAMPT BC100 Doppler in the oxygenator-arterial filter outflow line. Measurements were taken 1 minute before and 3 minutes after bolusing 30 mL air proximal to the venous reservoir while altering pump flow rates (3 L/min; 5 L/min). Both the Fusion and Affinity system transmitted microbubbles during air injection. Microbubble volume transmitted at 5 L/min pump flow was significantly greater than at 3 L/min in both systems. The Fusion tended to transmit fewer bubbles, less bubble volume, and smaller sized bubbles than the Affinity system. Under the parameters of this in vitro study, the Affinity Fusion oxygenator with an integrated arterial filter is as safe as the Affinity NT oxygenator with a separate arterial filter in terms of microbubble transmission. However, more research is needed to confirm this study's findings and generalizability to the clinical environment. As both oxygenator-arterial filter systems transmitted microbubbles during air introduction, it is important to develop strategies to minimize microbubble entry into the ECC.

Figure 1.

Diagram of the in vitro circuit. See text for details. Affinity, Affinity NT oxygenator with Affinity arterial filter; Fusion, Fusion oxygenator.

Figure 2.

Boxplots of microbubble transmission (count) in the outflow of the two oxygenator–arterial filter systems during baseline and microbubble challenge with pump flows of 3 L/min and 5 L/min.

Figure 3.

Boxplots of microbubble transmission (volume nL) in the outflow of the two oxygenator–arterial filter systems during baseline and microbubble challenge with pump flows of 3 L/min and 5 L/min.

Figure 4.

Boxplots of microbubble transmission (size μm) in the outflow of the two oxygenator–arterial filter systems during microbubble challenge and pump flows of 3 L/min and 5 L/min.