[Ultrasound in thromboembolism]

Abstract

Imaging of pulmonary embolism (PTE) remains a great challange. Mortatity is even high. Possibilities of lung ultrasound, echocardiography, and compression leg vein sonography are discussed. Hemodynamic instable patients should achieve echocardiography at bed side with an accuracy of 90% and immeadiatly treated. In case of a suspected PTE, compression sonography of the leg veins is recommended. It can be performed within 2 min but, on average, yields a positive result in only one-half of the cases of PTE. During the last years, pulmonary sonography took root as a complementary method to MSCT either when the latter is not available or when it is contraindicated because of contrast agent allergy, renal insufficiency, or pregnancy. This method was able to provide evidence of subpleural pulmonary consolidations due to embolism in at least three-fourths of patients having a PTE. According to clinical presentation, combination of lung ultrasound, echocardiograpphy, and compression ultrasoud of the leg veins showed a sensitiviy of more than 90%.

Keywords: Echokardiografie; Kompressionssonografie; Lungenembolie; Thromboembolie; Ultraschall; compression sonography; echocardiography; embolie pulmonaire; pulmonary embolism; sonographie avec compression des veines; thromboembolie; thromboembolism; ultrasons; ultrasound; échocardiographie.