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Review
. 2015 Dec;32(4):285-94.
doi: 10.4274/tjh.2015.0049. Epub 2015 Aug 6.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy in Hematology

Pınar Ataca  1 , Önder Arslan
Affiliations
Review

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy in Hematology

Pınar Ataca et al. Turk J Haematol. 2015 Dec.

Abstract
in English, Turkish

It is well demonstrated that the immune system can control and eliminate cancer cells. Immune-mediated elimination of tumor cells has been discovered and is the basis of both cancer vaccines and cellular therapies including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Adoptive T cell transfer has been improved to be more specific and potent and to cause less off-target toxicity. Currently, there are two forms of engineered T cells being tested in clinical trials: T cell receptor (TCR) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cells. On 1 July 2014, the United States Food and Drug Administration granted 'breakthrough therapy' designation to anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy. Many studies were conducted to evaluate the benefits of this exciting and potent new treatment modality. This review summarizes the history of adoptive immunotherapy, adoptive immunotherapy using CARs, the CAR manufacturing process, preclinical and clinical studies, and the effectiveness and drawbacks of this strategy.

İmmün sistemin kanser hücrelerini kontrol ve elimine etme özelliğine sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir. İmmün-kontrollü eliminasyonda kanser aşıları ve hematopoietik kök hücre naklini içeren sellüler terapiler bulunmaktadır. Adoptif T hücre transferi daha potent ve spesifiktir, hedef dışı toksisitesi azdır. Klinik çalışmalarda iki tür T hücresi test edilmektedir: T hücre reseptör ve kimerik antijen reseptör (KAR) modifiye T hücreleri. 1 Temmuz 2014’te Amerikan Gıda ve İlaç Dairesi anti-CD19 ŞAR modifiye T hücre tedavisini “çığır açan tedaviler” sınıfına almıştır. Bu yeni tedavi yöntemini ve etkilerini araştıran birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu derleme adoptif immünoterapinin geçmişini, ŞAR modifiye T hücrelerini, üretim sürecini, klinik ve preklinik çalışmaları özetlemektedir.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors of this paper have no conflicts of interest, including specific financial interests, relationships, and/or affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials included.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. T cell receptor (adapted from Wieczorek and Uharek [10]).
Figure 2
Figure 2. Generations of CART cells (adapted from Porter et al. [55]).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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