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. 2015 Nov;36(11):1333-6.
doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.09.002. Epub 2015 Sep 8.

Adhering maternal platelets can contribute to the cytokine and chemokine cocktail released by human first trimester villous placenta

A Blaschitz  1 , M Siwetz  1 , P Schlenke  2 , M Gauster  3
Affiliations

Adhering maternal platelets can contribute to the cytokine and chemokine cocktail released by human first trimester villous placenta

A Blaschitz et al. Placenta. 2015 Nov.

Abstract

Placental villous explant culture has been increasingly recognized as suitable model to study secretion of inflammatory and immune modulating factors by human placenta. Most of these factors likely derive from the syncytiotrophoblast, whereas extraplacental sources such as maternal peripheral blood cells are rarely considered. Due to their small size and absence of a nucleus, platelets adhering to perivillous fibrinoid of normal placenta are frequently ignored in routine immunohistochemistry. Here we demonstrate adhering maternal platelets on first trimester placental villi after explant culture and point out that platelet-derived factors must be considered when analyzing the inflammatory secretion profile of human placenta.

Keywords: Chemokines; Cytokines; Placental explant culture; Platelets.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Localization of adhering platelets and analysis of platelet-derived factors in human first trimester explant culture
Immunohistochemical staining for CD42b (a) identified maternal platelets (arrowhead) adhering to perivillous fibrin-type fibrinoid, which was confirmed by staining of adjacent sections for fibrin (b). CCL5 (c) and CXCL4 (d) were detected in platelets adhering to perivillous fibrin deposits, while villous trophoblast, Hofbauer cells, fetal endothelium, and villous stroma were unstained. Scale bar represents 50μm. Formalin fixed and paraffin embedded human platelets showed intense CCL5 (e) and CXCL4 (f) staining. Negative control for rabbit IgG (g) and negative control mouse IgG (h) revealed no staining. Explant homogenates and corresponding culture supernatants were analyzed by ELISA (i) and values normalized to total tissue protein. Values are given as mean ± SEM.
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