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. 2015 Sep-Dec;22(3):158-62.
doi: 10.4103/2230-8229.163031.

A clinic-based study of refractive errors, strabismus, and amblyopia in pediatric age-group

Elham R Al-Tamimi  1 , Ayisha Shakeel  2 , Sanaa A Yassin  1 , Syed I Ali  3 , Umar A Khan  2
Affiliations

A clinic-based study of refractive errors, strabismus, and amblyopia in pediatric age-group

Elham R Al-Tamimi et al. J Family Community Med. 2015 Sep-Dec.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this cross-sectional observational study was to determine the distribution and patterns of refractive errors, strabismus, and amblyopia in children seen at a pediatric eye care.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted in a Private Hospital in Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from March to July 2013. During this period, a total of 1350 children, aged 1-15 years were seen at this Center's Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit. All the children underwent complete ophthalmic examination with cycloplegic refraction.

Results: Refractive errors accounted for 44.4% of the cases, the predominant refractive error being hypermetropia which represented 83%. Strabismus and amblyopia were present in 38% and 9.1% of children, respectively.

Conclusions: In this clinic-based study, the focus was on the frequency of refractive errors, strabismus, and amblyopia which were considerably high. Hypermetropia was the predominant refractive error in contrast to other studies in which myopia was more common. This could be attributed to the criteria for sample selection since it was clinic-based rather than a population-based study. However, it is important to promote public education on the significance of early detection of refractive errors, and have periodic screening in schools.

Keywords: Amblyopia; children; refractive errors; strabismus.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of strabismus types among myopic children in relation to subtypes of refractive error
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of strabismus types among hypermetropic children in relation to subtypes of refractive error
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution of refractive error among amblyopic children in relation to presence and type of associated strabismus
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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