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. 2015 Sep 22;15(9):24409-27.
doi: 10.3390/s150924409.

Toward Epileptic Brain Region Detection Based on Magnetic Nanoparticle Patterning

Maysam Z Pedram  1   2 , Amir Shamloo  3 , Aria Alasty  4 , Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh  5
Affiliations

Toward Epileptic Brain Region Detection Based on Magnetic Nanoparticle Patterning

Maysam Z Pedram et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Resection of the epilepsy foci is the best treatment for more than 15% of epileptic patients or 50% of patients who are refractory to all forms of medical treatment. Accurate mapping of the locations of epileptic neuronal networks can result in the complete resection of epileptic foci. Even though currently electroencephalography is the best technique for mapping the epileptic focus, it cannot define the boundary of epilepsy that accurately. Herein we put forward a new accurate brain mapping technique using superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPMNs). The main hypothesis in this new approach is the creation of super-paramagnetic aggregates in the epileptic foci due to high electrical and magnetic activities. These aggregates may improve tissue contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that results in improving the resection of epileptic foci. In this paper, we present the mathematical models before discussing the simulation results. Furthermore, we mimic the aggregation of SPMNs in a weak magnetic field using a low-cost microfabricated device. Based on these results, the SPMNs may play a crucial role in diagnostic epilepsy and the subsequent treatment of this disease.

Keywords: brain magnetic field; epilepsy; magnetic nanoparticle.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Illustration of SPMN’s aggregation in epileptic Zone.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Numerically analyzed potential energy (units in axis x-y are m, unit in z-axis is J).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Trajectory of the nine nanoparticles in the effect of one magnetic field source (units are mm).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Trajectory of ten nanoparticles in the effect of one magnetic field source (units are mm).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Trajectory of seventy nanoparticles under one magnetic field source (units are mm).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Trajectory of fifteen nanoparticles under three magnetic field sources (units are mm).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Trajectory of 100 nanoparticles under ten different magnetic field sources (Units of X and Y axes are mm).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Trajectory of 100 nanoparticles under ten different magnetic field sources (Units of X and Y axes are mm).
Figure 9
Figure 9
COMSOL simulation of the magnetic field above the micro coil; Gradient of the magnetic field (a) from the top and (b) close to the conductor.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Experimental results: aggregation of nanoparticles above the microcoil. Generating a magnetic field (a) before applying an electromagnetic field; (b) immediately after applying electromagnetic field and (c) 10 s after applying electromagnetic field.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Experimental results: aggregation of nanoparticles above the microcoil. Generating a magnetic field (a) before applying an electromagnetic field; (b) immediately after applying electromagnetic field and (c) 10 s after applying electromagnetic field.
Figure B1
Figure B1
Schematic of 2D analysis of motion of nanoparticles (Nanoparticle movement is considered in y and z plane).
Figure B2
Figure B2
Coordination of single wire in three-dimensional space.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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