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Review
. 2015 Sep 23;7(9):8199-226.
doi: 10.3390/nu7095388.

Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy

Uwe Gröber  1 , Joachim Schmidt  2 , Klaus Kisters  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy

Uwe Gröber et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body. It has been recognized as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymatic reactions, where it is crucial for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism. Magnesium is required for DNA and RNA synthesis, reproduction, and protein synthesis. Moreover, magnesium is essential for the regulation of muscular contraction, blood pressure, insulin metabolism, cardiac excitability, vasomotor tone, nerve transmission and neuromuscular conduction. Imbalances in magnesium status-primarily hypomagnesemia as it is seen more common than hypermagnesemia-might result in unwanted neuromuscular, cardiac or nervous disorders. Based on magnesium's many functions within the human body, it plays an important role in prevention and treatment of many diseases. Low levels of magnesium have been associated with a number of chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (e.g., stroke), migraine headaches, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Keywords: ADHD; Alzheimer’s disease; asthma; cardiovascular disease; diabetes mellitus; hypomagnesemia; magnesium.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Magnesium absorption.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Magnesium deficiency and diabetes [63,71].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Magnesium and vascular function, according to [52,95].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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