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Meta-Analysis
. 2015 Sep 29:5:14606.
doi: 10.1038/srep14606.

Dairy products consumption and metabolic syndrome in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Guo-Chong Chen  1 , Ignatius M Y Szeto  2 , Li-Hua Chen  1 , Shu-Fen Han  1 , Yan-Jie Li  2 , Rina van Hekezen  3 , Li-Qiang Qin  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Dairy products consumption and metabolic syndrome in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Guo-Chong Chen et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The association of dairy products consumption with risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been inconsistently reported in observational studies. A systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational studies was conducted to quantitatively evaluate this association. Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases and by carefully checking the bibliographies of retrieved full reports and related reviews. Eligible studies were observational studies that investigated the association between dairy products consumption and risk of MetS in adults, with risk estimates available. Random-effects model was assigned to calculate the summary risk estimates. The final analysis included 15 cross-sectional studies, one case-control study and seven prospective cohort studies. Higher dairy consumption significantly reduced MetS by 17% in the cross-sectional/case-control studies (odds ratio = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.94), and by 14% (relative risk [RR] = 0.86, 95% CI, 0.79-0.92) in cohort studies. The inverse dairy-MetS association was consistent in subgroup and sensitivity analyses. The dose-response analysis of the cohort studies conferred a significant 6% (RR = 0.94, 95% CI, 0.90-0.98) reduction in the risk of MetS for each increment in dairy consumption of one serving/d. No significant publication bias was observed. Our findings suggest an inverse dose-response relationship between dairy consumption and risk of MetS.

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Conflict of interest statement

IM Szeto, Y-J Li and Rv Hekezen are employees of Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd. The other authors declare no competing financial interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flow chart of study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Meta-analysis of dairy products consumption (high vs. low) and risk of metabolic syndrome.
(A) cross- sectional and case-control studies; (B) prospective cohort studies; M, male; F, female. OR, odds ration; CI, confidence interval.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Risk estimates with 95% confidence interval (long dashed lines) for the association between dairy products consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome in a restricted cubic spline random-effects meta-analysis.
(A) cross-sectional and case-control studies; (B) prospective cohort studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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