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Review
. 2015 Dec;221(6):1083-92.
doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.08.428. Epub 2015 Sep 11.

Frailty for Surgeons: Review of a National Institute on Aging Conference on Frailty for Specialists

Thomas N Robinson  1 , Jeremy D Walston  2 , Nathan E Brummel  3 , Stacie Deiner  4 , Charles H Brown 4th  5 , Maura Kennedy  6 , Arti Hurria  7
Affiliations
Review

Frailty for Surgeons: Review of a National Institute on Aging Conference on Frailty for Specialists

Thomas N Robinson et al. J Am Coll Surg. 2015 Dec.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Two conceptualizations of frailty. (A) Phenotypic frailty. Phenotypic frailty is conceptualized as a clinical syndrome driven by age-related biologic changes that drive physical characteristics of frailty and eventually, adverse outcomes. (B) Deficit accumulation frailty. The deficit model of frailty proposes that frailty is driven by the accumulation of medical, functional, and social deficits, and that a high accumulation of deficits represents accelerated aging. An important distinction between these 2 conceptualizations of frailty is that biologic driven frailty causes the physical characteristics of frailty (arrows pointed outward). In contrast, deficit accumulation frailty is caused by accumulated abnormal clinical characteristics (arrows pointed inward). Table 4 describes measuring phenotypic frailty. Table 5 describes measuring deficit accumulation frailty.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The concept of resilience. Resilience (a health-based, rather than disease-based, model) implies that disease is the consequence of inadequate reserve in the face of overwhelming stressors, which predispose to unstable and adverse health outcomes. Stressors may differ in number and magnitude, such that a few severe stressors may exert similar effects as many mild stressors.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The impact on health of social vulnerability.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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