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Review
. 2015 Sep;29(5):345-55.
doi: 10.7555/JBR.29.20140069. Epub 2015 Jan 12.

Internal radiation therapy: a neglected aspect of nuclear medicine in the molecular era

Yansong Lin  1
Affiliations
Review

Internal radiation therapy: a neglected aspect of nuclear medicine in the molecular era

Yansong Lin. J Biomed Res. 2015 Sep.

Abstract

With increasing evidence, internal radiation therapy, also known as brachytherapy, has become a neglected aspect of nuclear medicine in the molecular era. In this paper, recent developments regarding internal radiation therapy, including developments in radioiodine-131 ((131)I) and thyroid, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and radiopharmaceuticals for bone metastases. Relevant differences and status of their applications in China were mentioned as well. These molecular mediated internal radiation therapies are gaining increasing importance by providing palliative and curative treatments for an increasing number of diseases and becoming one of the important parts of molecular nuclear medicine.

Keywords: brachytherapy; hyperthyroidism; neoplasm; radioiodine; radioisotope.

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Conflict of interest statement

CLC number: R817.5, Document code: A

The author reported no conflict of interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Diffuse pulmonary micrometastases (B) identified by post radioactive iodine-131 (RAI) treatment scintigraphy with normal diagnostic 131I scan (A) and chest CT (C).
Cited from Lin Y et al. Clin Nucl Med, 2011; 36:1102-1105[14] with permission
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. The ROC curve of accuracy of ps-Tg and Tg/TSH in distinguishing distant metastases from normal condition.
Cited from Lin Y et al. Clin Nucl Med, 2011; 36:1102-1105[14] with permission.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Elevated levels of unstimulated Tg (ng/mL) and Tg-Ab (IU/mL) with corresponding TSH (A), 131I–negative image with TSH stimulation (TSH>30 uIU/mL) (B), and 99mTc-RGD-positive planar (C) and SPECT images (D).
Cited from Zhao D. et al. J Nucl Med, 2012; 53:1872–1877 with permission.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Whole-body maximum intensity projection images of a patient with a BRAF mutant papillary thyroid cancer.
New iodine uptake is shown in nearly all previously negative lung and neck metastases. Panel A shows whole-body maximum-intensity projection images of a patient with a BRAF-mutant papillary thyroid cancer. New iodine uptake is shown in nearly all previously negative lung and neck metastases. Panel B shows fused axial PET-CT images of a patient with an NRAS-mutant, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer. Both new and significantly increased iodine uptake in lung metastases is shown. Cited from Ho AL et al. N Engl J Med, 2013, 368(7):623-632 with permission.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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