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. 2015 Oct 14;10(10):e0140284.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140284. eCollection 2015.

Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Duck-Origin GPV-Related Parvovirus from Cherry Valley Ducklings in China

Hao Chen  1 , Yanguo Dou  1 , Yi Tang  1 , Zhenjie Zhang  2 , Xiaoqiang Zheng  1 , Xiaoyu Niu  1 , Jing Yang  1 , Xianglong Yu  1 , Youxiang Diao  1
Affiliations

Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Duck-Origin GPV-Related Parvovirus from Cherry Valley Ducklings in China

Hao Chen et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

A newly emerged duck parvovirus, which causes beak atrophy and dwarfism syndrome (BADS) in Cherry Valley ducks, has appeared in Northern China since March 2015. To explore the genetic diversity among waterfowl parvovirus isolates, the complete genome of an identified isolate designated SDLC01 was sequenced and analyzed in the present study. Genomic sequence analysis showed that SDLC01 shared 90.8%-94.6% of nucleotide identity with goose parvovirus (GPV) isolates and 78.6%-81.6% of nucleotide identity with classical Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of 443 nucleotides (nt) of the fragment A showed that SDLC01 was highly similar to a mule duck isolate (strain D146/02) and close to European GPV isolates but separate from Asian GPV isolates. Analysis of the left inverted terminal repeat regions revealed that SDLC01 had two major segments deleted between positions 160-176 and 306-322 nt compared with field GPV and MDPV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of Rep and VP1 encoded by two major open reading frames of parvoviruses revealed that SDLC01 was distinct from all GPV and MDPV isolates. The viral pathogenicity and genome characterization of SDLC01 suggest that the novel GPV (N-GPV) is the causative agent of BADS and belongs to a distinct GPV-related subgroup. Furthermore, N-GPV sequences were detected in diseased ducks by polymerase chain reaction and viral proliferation was demonstrated in duck embryos and duck embryo fibroblast cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the neighbor-joining method, based on the sequence of the fragment A of SDLC01 (●) and other waterfowl parvovirus isolates available in GenBank database.
The consensus tree from 1000 bootstrap replicates is shown. The percentage of trees that contained the consensus branch is also shown for each branch. The scale at the bottom shows the number of substitutions inferred per site.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Detection of viral protein expression in DEF cells infected with N-GPV.
(A) DEF cells infected with SDLC01 (B) negative control was fixed at 24 h post-infection and examined with mouse antiserum against the duck parvovirus.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Phylogenetic relationship between the SDLC01 (●) and other waterfowl parvovirus isolates available in GenBank database based on the complete genomic sequences in the phylogenetic tree, built using the neighbor-joining method.
Numbers at nodes indicate bootstrap percentages obtained using 1000 replicates.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Phylogenetic relationships between the SDLC01 isolate (●) in this study and other waterfowl parvovirus isolates in the phylogenetic tree, built using the neighbor-joining method.
The analyses were based on nucleotide sequences of NS (A) and VP1genes (B).
Fig 5
Fig 5. Phylogenetic relationships between the SDLC01 isolate (●) in this study and other waterfowl parvovirus isolates in the phylogenetic tree, built using the neighbor-joining method.
The analyses were based on amino acid sequences of Rep (A) and VP1proteins (B).
Fig 6
Fig 6. Sequence alignments of Parvovirus PLA2 Motifs and sPLA2 representatives between SDLC01 strain and Adeno-associated virus -2.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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