Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Observational Study
. 2015 Nov-Dec;133(6):517-20.
doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2014.9071412. Epub 2015 Oct 9.

Urinary tract infection and indwelling urinary catheters: prospective study in gynecological surgery with antibiotic prophylaxis

José Carlos Carraro-Eduardo  1 , Daniela da Silva Alves  1 , Ingrid Ellis Hinden  1 , Ivan Penaloza Toledano  1 , Sarah Gomes Freitas  1 , Pedro Juan José Mondino  2 , José Rodrigo de Moraes  3 , Carlos Augusto Faria  4
Affiliations
Observational Study

Urinary tract infection and indwelling urinary catheters: prospective study in gynecological surgery with antibiotic prophylaxis

José Carlos Carraro-Eduardo et al. Sao Paulo Med J. 2015 Nov-Dec.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Context and objectives: Urinary tract infections are the most common cause of hospital-acquired infections, and the use of indwelling urinary catheters is a predisposing factor for their development. The aims of this study were to estimate the frequency of pre and postoperative bacteriuria, identify the microorganisms involved, count the colony-forming units, determine the antibiotic sensitivity profile and compare the results from pre and postoperative urinalyses among women undergoing gynecological surgery with implantation of a urinary catheter.

Design and setting: Non-controlled prospective observational single-cohort epidemiological study carried out at a university hospital.

Methods: Urine samples were collected before and 24 hours after catheterization for urinalysis, culturing and antibiotic sensitivity testing. Pre and postoperative urinalyses were compared using Wilcoxon and McNemar non-parametric tests.

Results: Fifty-one women participated in the study. Escherichia coligrew in six preoperative samples (11.8%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae in one (1.9%), but bacterial growth did not occur in any postoperative sample. Urinalysis showed lower number of pus cells in the postoperative urine samples (P < 0.05). There were no differences in red blood cell counts or in the nitrite and leukocyte esterase tests, between the samples.

Conclusion: Bacteriuria was found in 13.7% of the preoperative samples. Gram-negative bacteria sensitive to most antibiotics were identified. In the postoperative samples, no bacterial growth was observed. Urinalysis only showed significant reduction of leukocyturia in the postoperative period.

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVOS:: As infecções urinárias são a causa mais comum de infecções hospitalares, e o uso de cateteres de demora é fator predisponente para o seu desenvolvimento. Os objetivos deste estudo foram estimar a frequência de bacteriúria pré e pós-operatória, identificar os germes encontrados, a contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias e o perfil de sensibilidade aos antibióticos, além de comparar os resultados dos exames de urina pré- e pós-operatórios em mulheres submetidas a cirurgias ginecológicas com cateterismo vesical.

TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL:: Estudo epidemiológico, observacional, de coorte única, prospectivo, não controlado, realizado em hospital universitário.

MÉTODOS:: Amostras de urina foram colhidas antes da cateterização e após 24 horas para urinálise, cultura e antibiograma. Os resultados da urinálise no pré- e pós-operatório foram comparados utilizando-se os testes não paramétricos de Wilcoxon e McNemar.

RESULTADOS:: Participaram do estudo 51 mulheres. Houve crescimento de Escherichia coli em seis amostras pré-operatórias (11,8%) e de Klebsiella pneumoniae em uma (1,9%), mas não houve crescimento bacteriano em nenhuma amostra pós-operatória. A urinálise mostrou menor quantidade de piócitos na amostra de urina pós-cirúrgica (P < 0,05). Não houve diferença quanto ao número de hemácias e às reações para nitrito e leucocitesterase, entre as amostras.

CONCLUSÃO:: Houve bacteriúria em 13,7% das amostras pré-operatórias, sendo identificadas bactérias Gram-negativas sensíveis à maioria dos antibióticos. Não foi observado crescimento bacteriano nas amostras pós-operatórias. A urinálise mostrou somente redução significativa da leucocitúria no pós-operatório.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interests: None

References

    1. Smyth ET, McIlvenny G, Enstone JE,, et al. Four country healthcare associated infection prevalence survey 2006: overview of the results. . Hosp Infect. . 2008;69(3):230–248. - PubMed
    1. Stamm AMNF, Coutinho MSSA. Infecção do trato urinário relacionada ao cateter vesical de demora: incidência e fatores de risco [Urinary tract infection with indwelling bladder catheter: incidence and risk factors]. . Rev Assoc Med Bras . 1992;1999(45)(1):27–33. - PubMed
    1. Chang R, Greene MT, Chenoweth CE,, et al. Epidemiology of hospitalacquired urinary tract-related bloodstream infection at a university hospital. . Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. . 2011;32(11):1127–1129. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ghafourian S, Sekawi Z, Neela V,, et al. Incidence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with urinary tract infection. . Sao Paulo Med J. . 2012;130(1):37–43. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Guggenbichler JP, Assadian O, Boeswald M, Kramer A. Incidence and clinical implication of nosocomial infections associated with implantable biomaterials - catheters, ventilator-associated pneumonia, urinary tract infections. . GMS Krankenhaushyg Interdiszip. . 2011;6(1):18–18. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances