Effects of Muscone on Random Skin Flap Survival in Rats

Abstract

Background: The necrosis of a distal area of random skin flap remains challenging. Muscone can increase blood flow and reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of muscone on random skin flap survival.

Materials: McFarlane flaps were established in 72 rats and divided into two groups. The test group received intraperitoneal injections of muscone (0.64 mg/kg/d); control rats received intraperitoneal injections of saline. The percentage flap survival area and tissue water content were measured after 7 days. Flap angiogenesis was assessed via lead oxide-gelatin angiography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry and western blotting for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The extent of apoptosis was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for cleaved caspase 3 and western blotting for cleaved caspase 3, Bax, and Bcl2. Oxidative stress status was assessed by measuring the activity of tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content.

Results: Compared with controls, muscone-treated flaps displayed greater survival area lower tissue water content. Muscone increased skin flap angiogenesis and activated VEGF expression. SOD activity and MDA content indicated lower oxidative stress in muscone-treated flaps than controls, and western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed significantly lower apoptosis.

Conclusion: Muscone have a positive effect to promote the survival of random skin flap.