The Rising Burden of Preeclampsia in the United States Impacts Both Maternal and Child Health

Abstract

Objective: Preeclampsia is one of the top six causes of maternal mortality in the United States (US) and is associated with considerable perinatal morbidity and mortality. Evidence suggests the US incidence of preeclampsia has increased dramatically over the past two decades. This study aims to compile, summarize, and critique the literature on the health and economic burden of preeclampsia and early-onset preeclampsia.

Study design: We reviewed the literature for estimates of burden of preeclampsia and early-onset preeclampsia to both mother and child, summarized the evidence on economic and social burden, and highlighted current gaps in the literature.

Results: No recent studies comprehensively assess the costs and health consequences of preeclampsia or early-onset preeclampsia for both mother and child. Where it exists, the literature suggests preeclampsia and early-onset preeclampsia cause numerous adverse health consequences, but these conditions currently lack effective treatment. The need for preterm delivery from early-onset preeclampsia suggests its costs are substantial: very (28-31 weeks) and extremely (<28 weeks) preterm birth cost approximately 40 and 100 times a term pregnancy, respectively.

Conclusion: Given the severity of outcomes from preeclampsia, further research on its health and economic consequences is essential to inform policy and resource allocation decisions in health care.