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. 2016 Mar 1;213(5):811-5.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv497. Epub 2015 Oct 20.

Modulation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cell Function by Interleukin 19 and Interleukin 24 During Filarial Infections

Rajamanickam Anuradha  1 , Saravanan Munisankar  1 , Chandrakumar Dolla  2 , Paul Kumaran  2 , Thomas B Nutman  3 , Subash Babu  1
Affiliations

Modulation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cell Function by Interleukin 19 and Interleukin 24 During Filarial Infections

Rajamanickam Anuradha et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Interleukin 19 (IL-19) and interleukin 24 (IL-24) are cytokines that are highly expressed in filarial infections. To study the role of IL-19 and IL-24 in regulating T-cell responses, we examined the frequency of T-helper type 1 (Th1)/Tc1, Th2/Tc2, Th9/Tc9, Th17/Tc17, Th22/Tc22, and Tr1 cells in 26 filariae-infected individuals stimulated with filarial antigen following IL-19 or IL-24 neutralization. IL-19 or IL-24 neutralization resulted in significantly enhanced frequencies of Th1/Tc1 and/or Th17/Tc17 cells and significantly reduced frequencies of Th2/Tc2, Tr1, and/or Th9/Tc9 cells. Thus, we demonstrate that IL-19 and IL-24 are associated with the modulation of T-cell responses in filarial infections.

Keywords: IL-10; IL-19; IL-24; T cells; cytokines; filarial infections.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Altered frequencies of CD4+ T-helper type 1 (Th1), Th17, Th22, Th2, Th9, and Tr1 cells following neutralization of interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 19 (IL-19), and interleukin 24 (IL-24). Frequencies of CD4+ Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, and Tr1 cells stimulated by saline extracts of Brugia malayi adult worms were measured by flow cytometry following neutralization of IL-10 (A), IL-19 (B), IL-24 (C), or isotype control antibody in 26 filariae-infected individuals. The data are represented as line diagrams, with each line representing a single individual. The shaded portion represents the upper threshold for the frequencies in uninfected subjects, and each triangle represents a single individual. P values were calculated by the Wilcoxon signed rank test, followed by the Holm correction. Abbreviations: IFN-γ, interferon γ; IgG2B, immunoglobulin G2B; IL-2, interleukin 2; IL-4, interleukin 4; IL-5, interleukin 5; IL-9, interleukin 9; IL-10, interleukin 10; IL-13, interleukin 13; IL-17, interleukin 17; IL-22, interleukin 22; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Altered frequencies of CD8+ Tc1, Tc17, Tc22, Tc2, Tc9, and Tr1 cells following neutralization of interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 19 (IL-19), and interleukin 24 (IL-24). Frequencies of CD8+ Tc1, Tc17, Tc22, Tc2, Tc9, and Tr1 cells stimulated by saline extracts of Brugia malayi adult worms were measured by flow cytometry following neutralization of IL-10 (A), IL-19 (B), IL-24 (C), or isotype control antibody in 26 filariae-infected individuals. The data are represented as line diagrams, with each line representing a single individual. The shaded portion represents the upper threshold for the frequencies in uninfected subjects, and each triangle represents a single individual. P values were calculated by the Wilcoxon signed rank test, followed by the Holm correction. Abbreviations: IFN-γ, interferon γ; IgG2B, immunoglobulin G2B; IL-2, interleukin 2; IL-4, interleukin 4; IL-5, interleukin 5; IL-9, interleukin 9; IL-10, interleukin 10; IL-13, interleukin 13; IL-17, interleukin 17; IL-22, interleukin 22; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α.
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