Aetiological overlap between obsessive-compulsive related and anxiety disorder symptoms: multivariate twin study

Clara López-Solà¹, Leonardo F Fontenelle¹, Minh Bui¹, John L Hopper¹, Christos Pantelis¹, Murat Yücel¹, José M Menchón¹, Pino Alonso¹, Ben J Harrison²

Affiliations

¹ Clara López-Solà, MSc, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Leonardo F. Fontenelle, MD, PhD, Programa de Transtornos Obsessivo-Compulsivos e de Ansiedade, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro and Instituto de Saúde da Comunidade, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Minh Bui, PhD, John L. Hopper, PhD, Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Christos Pantelis, MD, PhD, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Murat Yücel, PhD, Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Australia; José M. Menchón, MD, PhD, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pino Alonso, MD, PhD, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Ben J. Harrison, PhD, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
² Clara López-Solà, MSc, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Leonardo F. Fontenelle, MD, PhD, Programa de Transtornos Obsessivo-Compulsivos e de Ansiedade, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro and Instituto de Saúde da Comunidade, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Minh Bui, PhD, John L. Hopper, PhD, Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Christos Pantelis, MD, PhD, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Murat Yücel, PhD, Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Australia; José M. Menchón, MD, PhD, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pino Alonso, MD, PhD, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Ben J. Harrison, PhD, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia habj@unimelb.edu.au.

PMID: 26494870
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.156281

Aetiological overlap between obsessive-compulsive related and anxiety disorder symptoms: multivariate twin study

Clara López-Solà et al. Br J Psychiatry. 2016 Jan.

. 2016 Jan;208(1):26-33.

doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.156281. Epub 2015 Oct 22.

Authors

Clara López-Solà¹, Leonardo F Fontenelle¹, Minh Bui¹, John L Hopper¹, Christos Pantelis¹, Murat Yücel¹, José M Menchón¹, Pino Alonso¹, Ben J Harrison²

Affiliations

¹ Clara López-Solà, MSc, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Leonardo F. Fontenelle, MD, PhD, Programa de Transtornos Obsessivo-Compulsivos e de Ansiedade, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro and Instituto de Saúde da Comunidade, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Minh Bui, PhD, John L. Hopper, PhD, Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Christos Pantelis, MD, PhD, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Murat Yücel, PhD, Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Australia; José M. Menchón, MD, PhD, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pino Alonso, MD, PhD, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Ben J. Harrison, PhD, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
² Clara López-Solà, MSc, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Leonardo F. Fontenelle, MD, PhD, Programa de Transtornos Obsessivo-Compulsivos e de Ansiedade, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro and Instituto de Saúde da Comunidade, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Minh Bui, PhD, John L. Hopper, PhD, Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Christos Pantelis, MD, PhD, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Murat Yücel, PhD, Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Australia; José M. Menchón, MD, PhD, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pino Alonso, MD, PhD, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERSAM (G17), Barcelona and Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Spain; Ben J. Harrison, PhD, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia habj@unimelb.edu.au.

PMID: 26494870
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.156281

Abstract

Background: The aetiological boundary between obsessive-compulsive related disorders (OCRDs) including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and anxiety disorders is unclear and continues to generate debate.

Aims: To determine the genetic overlap and the pattern of causal relationships among OCRDs and anxiety disorders.

Method: Multivariate twin modelling methods and a new regression analysis to infer causation were used, involving 2495 male and female twins.

Results: The amount of common genetic liability observed for OCD symptoms was higher when considering anxiety disorders and OCRDs in the model v. modelling OCRD symptoms alone. OCD symptoms emerged as risk factors for the presence of generalised anxiety, panic and hoarding symptoms, whereas social phobia appeared as a risk factor for OCD symptoms.

Conclusions: OCD represents a complex phenotype that includes important shared features with anxiety disorders and OCRDs. The novel patterns of risk identified between OCD and anxiety disorder may help to explain their frequent co-occurrence.

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Aetiological overlap between obsessive-compulsive related and anxiety disorder symptoms: multivariate twin study

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Aetiological overlap between obsessive-compulsive related and anxiety disorder symptoms: multivariate twin study

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