The effect of primary midwife-led care on women's experience of childbirth: results from the COSMOS randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of primary midwife-led care ('caseload midwifery') on women's experiences of childbirth.

Design: Randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Tertiary care women's hospital in Melbourne, Australia.

Population: A total of 2314 low-risk pregnant women.

Methods: Women randomised to caseload care received antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care from a primary midwife, with some care provided by a 'back-up' midwife. Women in standard care received midwifery-led care with varying levels of continuity, junior obstetric care or community-based medical care.

Main outcome measures: The primary outcome of the study was caesarean section. This paper presents a secondary outcome, women's experience of childbirth. Women's views and experiences were sought using seven-point rating scales via postal questionnaires 2 months after the birth.

Results: A total of 2314 women were randomised between September 2007 and June 2010; 1156 to caseload and 1158 to standard care. Response rates to the follow-up questionnaire were 88 and 74%, respectively. Women in the caseload group were more positive about their overall birth experience than women in the standard care group (adjusted odds ratio 1.50, 95% CI 1.22-1.84). They also felt more in control during labour, were more proud of themselves, less anxious, and more likely to have a positive experience of pain.

Conclusions: Compared with standard maternity care, caseload midwifery may improve women's experiences of childbirth.

Tweetable abstract: Primary midwife-led care ('caseload midwifery') improves women's experiences of childbirth.

Keywords: Birth experience; caseload midwifery; continuity of care; midwife-led care; primary midwife care; randomised controlled trial.