Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2015 Oct 14:8:25-8.
doi: 10.4137/CMWH.S31564. eCollection 2015.

Predictive Risk Factors in the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Lebriz Hale Aktun  1 , Betul Yorgunlar  1 , Nilay Karaca  2 , Yaşam Kemal Akpak  3
Affiliations

Predictive Risk Factors in the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Lebriz Hale Aktun et al. Clin Med Insights Womens Health. .

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate predictive risk factors in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Patients and methods: A total of 256 pregnant women who underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during 24-28 weeks of pregnancy were included according to the World Health Organization criteria. Demographic characteristics of the patients, including age, parity, family history of diabetes, body weight before pregnancy, and body weight at the diagnosis of GDM, were recorded. Fasting insulin and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values at the time of diagnosis were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups: those requiring insulin treatment (insulin group, n = 89) and those receiving diet therapy (diet group, n = 167) during pregnancy according to the American Diabetes Association recommendations.

Results: A total of 34.76% of the pregnant women with GDM required insulin treatment. The mean age of these patients was significantly higher compared to the diet group (34.9 ± 0.6 years vs. 31.9 ± 0.6 years; P = 0.004). Body mass index before pregnancy was also significantly higher in the insulin group than that in the diet group (32 ± 0.9 kg/m(2) vs. 29 ± 0.7 kg/m(2); P = 0.004). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) during OGTT was 105.6 ± 2.1 mg/dL and 96.7 ± 1.1 mg/dL in the insulin group and diet group, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in fasting plasma glucose during OGTT between the groups (P = 0.069), while plasma glucose at two hours was 161.1 ± 6.8 mg/dL in the insulin group and 145.1 ± 3.7 mg/dL in the diet group (P = 0.027). At the time of diagnosis, HbA1c values were significantly higher in the insulin group compared to the diet group (5.3 ± 0.1 vs. 4.9 ± 0.1; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in FBG and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance values between the groups (P = 0.908, P = 0.073).

Conclusion: Our study results suggest that age, family history of diabetes, body weight before pregnancy, FBG, and HbA1c values are predictors for the necessity of insulin treatment.

Keywords: fasting blood glucose; hemoglobin A1c; obstetric outcome; oral glucose tolerance test; pregnancy.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Kharroubi AT, Darwish HM. Diabetes mellitus: the epidemic of the century. World J Diabetes. 2015;6:850–867. - PMC - PubMed
    1. American Diabetes Association Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:62–67. - PubMed
    1. Kemal Akpak Y, Gün I, Kaya N, Atay V. A comparison of pregnant subgroups with positive 50-gram glucose challenge test results to those with negative results in terms of obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Med Glas (Zenica) 2012;9:262–267. - PubMed
    1. Kapoor N, Sankaran S, Hyer S, Shehata H. Diabetes in pregnancy: a review of current evidence. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2007;19:586–590. - PubMed
    1. Landon MB, Spong CY, Thom E, et al. A multicenter, randomized trial of treatment for mild gestational diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1339–1348. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources