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Review
. 2015 Aug;7(Suppl 2):S433-7.
doi: 10.4103/0975-7406.163491.

Three-dimensional assessment of facial asymmetry: A systematic review

Gopi Akhil  1 , Kullampalayam Palanisamy Senthil Kumar  1 , Subramani Raja  1 , Kumaresan Janardhanan  1
Affiliations
Review

Three-dimensional assessment of facial asymmetry: A systematic review

Gopi Akhil et al. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2015 Aug.

Abstract

For patients with facial asymmetry, complete and precise diagnosis, and surgical treatments to correct the underlying cause of the asymmetry are significant. Conventional diagnostic radiographs (submento-vertex projections, posteroanterior radiography) have limitations in asymmetry diagnosis due to two-dimensional assessments of three-dimensional (3D) images. The advent of 3D images has greatly reduced the magnification and projection errors that are common in conventional radiographs making it as a precise diagnostic aid for assessment of facial asymmetry. Thus, this article attempts to review the newly introduced 3D tools in the diagnosis of more complex facial asymmetries.

Keywords: Diagnostic errors; facial asymmetry; reference plane; soft-tissue analysis; three-dimensional assessment.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

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