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. 2016 Apr;249(1-2):155-70.
doi: 10.1007/s00232-015-9857-y. Epub 2015 Nov 18.

Physical Effects of Buckwheat Extract on Biological Membrane In Vitro and Its Protective Properties

Aleksandra Włoch  1 , Paulina Strugała  2 , Hanna Pruchnik  2 , Romuald Żyłka  2 , Jan Oszmiański  3 , Halina Kleszczyńska  2
Affiliations

Physical Effects of Buckwheat Extract on Biological Membrane In Vitro and Its Protective Properties

Aleksandra Włoch et al. J Membr Biol. 2016 Apr.

Abstract

Buckwheat is a valuable source of many biologically active compounds and nutrients. It has properties that reduce blood cholesterol levels, and so reduces the risk of atherosclerosis, seals the capillaries, and lowers blood pressure. The aim of the study was to determine quantitative and qualitative characteristics of polyphenols contained in extracts from buckwheat husks and stalks, the biological activity of the extracts, and biophysical effects of their interaction with the erythrocyte membrane, treated as a model of the cell. An analysis of the extract's composition has shown that buckwheat husk and stalk extracts are a rich source of polyphenolic compounds, the stalk extracts showing more compounds than the husk extract. The study allowed to determine the location which incorporated polyphenols occupy in the erythrocyte membrane and changes in the membrane properties caused by them. It was found that the extracts do not induce hemolysis of red blood cells, causing an increase in osmotic resistance of erythrocytes. They affect mainly the hydrophilic region by changing the degree of order of the polar heads of lipids, but do little to change the fluidity of the membrane and its hydration. The results showed also that polyphenolic substances included in the extracts well protect the membranes of red blood cells against oxidation and exhibit anti-inflammatory effect.

Keywords: Biological activity; Buckwheat extracts; Dichroism; FTIR spectroscopy; Red blood cell membrane; UPLC analysis.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Percentage of hemolysis of cells modified with BH and BS extracts at 0.05 mg ml−1 concentration versus sodium chloride concentration
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effects of BS and BH extracts on the morphology of erythrocytes observed with the electron microscope, at 0.05 mg ml−1 concentration. a Control (unmodified erythrocytes), b modified with BH, and c modified with BS
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Changes of intensity of MC 540 probe for erythrocytes modified with BS and BH extracts
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Carbonyl band. The maximum at 1742 cm−1 represents vibration region of C=O groups “free” of water molecules, while the second maximum at 1727 cm−1 comes from C=O groups having hydrogen bonds
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Phosphate band I. A shift of phosphate band toward lower frequencies after addition of BH and BS extract is visible, which confirms binding of water molecules
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Kinetics of erythrocyte membrane oxidation caused by UVC radiation: a in the presence of BS extract; b in the presence of BH extract and by the compound AAPH; c in the presence of BS extract; and d in the presence of BH extract
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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