[Congenital scoliosis]

Abstract

The congenital scoliosis is a deformity of the spine in the frontal plane caused by abnormal development of the vertebral bodies during the first 6 weeks of fetal life. More than 75 percent of all congenital scolioses are progressive. Degree and speed of progression can usually be predetermined by the type and location of the anomaly. Corset treatment is inefficient in the treatment of congenital deformities. Operation is the treatment of choice. Operative techniques are posterior fusions in situ with or without instrumentation and combined anterior and posterior arthrodeses. Since the best results can be expected in an early stage when only few segments have to be fused, operation should be performed as soon as possible. Manifestations of dysrhaphia or tethered cord must be identified prior to surgery. Spur removal or release operation should be performed during the first session.