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Review
. 2015 Oct-Dec;31(4):312-9.
doi: 10.4103/0970-1591.166475.

Treatment options in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after BCG failure

Nathan A Brooks  1 , Michael A O'Donnell  1
Affiliations
Review

Treatment options in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after BCG failure

Nathan A Brooks et al. Indian J Urol. 2015 Oct-Dec.

Abstract

Bladder cancer is the ninth-most prevalent cancer worldwide. Most patients with urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder present with non-muscle-invasive disease and are treated with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) intravesical therapy. Many of these patients experience disease recurrence after BCG failure. Radical cystectomy is the recommended treatment for high-risk patients failing BCG. However, many patients are unfit for or unwilling to undergo this procedure. We searched the published literature on the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after BCG failure. We review current evidence regarding intravesical therapy with gemcitabine, mitomycin combined with thermo-chemotherapy, docetaxel, nab-paclitaxel, photodynamic therapy (PDT), BCG with interferon (IFN), and combination sequentially administered chemotherapy.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; interferon; photodynamic therapy; thermochemotherapy; urinary bladder neoplasms.

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