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. 2015 Sep-Dec;5(3):146-52.
doi: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2015.08.001. Epub 2015 Aug 21.

Salivary antioxidants of male athletes after aerobic exercise and garlic supplementation on: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study

Arsalan Damirchi  1 , Alireza Saati Zareei  1 , Reyhaneh Sariri  2
Affiliations

Salivary antioxidants of male athletes after aerobic exercise and garlic supplementation on: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study

Arsalan Damirchi et al. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2015 Sep-Dec.

Abstract

Purpose: Production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species is a natural biological event in metabolism. However, the presence of antioxidants can highly reduce the negative effect of free radicals. Thus, the efficiency of antioxidant system in the physiology of exercise is very important.

Design: Considering the known antioxidant capacity of garlic, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect on combining 14 days aerobic exercise till exhaustion with garlic extract supplementation on the antioxidant capacity of saliva.

Methods: Sixteen young men volunteered to participate in this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study and were randomly placed into two groups, placebo (Group I) and garlic extract (Group II). The participants performed exhaustive aerobic exercise on a treadmill before and after supplementation. Their unstimulated salivary samples were collected before, immediately after, and 1 h after the activity. The antioxidant activity in terms of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) was then measured in the collected samples using their specific substrates.

Results: A significant increase in salivary antioxidant activity of SOD, POD, and CAT was observed in saliva of the supplement group compared to the placebo group (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest that increased activity of antioxidant enzymes could possibly decrease exercise-induced oxidative damage in male athletes.

Keywords: Aerobic exercise; CAT, catalase; EDTA, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid; Free radical; GTE, green tea extract; Garlic; NBT, nitro blue tetrazolium; NF, nuclear factor; POD, peroxidase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD, superoxide dismutase; Salivary antioxidant capacity; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TT, tapering training.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Changes in CAT concentration during pre- and postsupplement consumption periods at before, immediately, and 1 h after test in supplement and placebo groups. * Significantly different in comparison with pre-exercise (P ≤ 0.05). † Significantly different in comparison with before supplementation (P ≤ 0.05). ■ Significantly different in comparison with placebo group (P ≤ 0.05).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Changes in SOD concentration during pre- and postsupplement consumption periods at before, immediately, and 1 h after test in supplement and placebo groups. * Significantly different in comparison with pre-exercise (P ≤ 0.05). † Significantly different in comparison with before supplementation (P ≤ 0.05). ■ Significantly different in comparison with placebo group (P ≤ 0.05).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Changes in POD concentration during pre- and postsupplement consumption periods at before, immediately, and 1 h after test in supplement and placebo groups. * Significantly different in comparison with pre-exercise (P ≤ 0.05). † Significantly different in comparison with before supplementation (P ≤ 0.05). ■ Significantly different in comparison with placebo group (P ≤ 0.05).
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