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Meta-Analysis
. 2015 Nov 26:8:29088.
doi: 10.3402/gha.v8.29088. eCollection 2015.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 2000 to 2014

Bishal Gyawali  1   2 , Rajan Sharma  3 , Dinesh Neupane  1   3 , Shiva Raj Mishra  3 , Edwin van Teijlingen  4 , Per Kallestrup  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 2000 to 2014

Bishal Gyawali et al. Glob Health Action. .

Abstract

Background: Understanding the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Nepal can help in planning for health services and recognising risk factors. This review aims to systematically identify and collate studies describing the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, to summarise the findings, and to explore selected factors that may influence prevalence estimates.

Design: This systematic review was conducted in adherence to the MOOSE Guidelines for Meta-Analysis and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies. Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLINE) database from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2014 was searched for the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among Nepalese populations with a combination of search terms. We exploded the search terms to include all possible synonyms and spellings obtained in the search strategy. Additionally, we performed a manual search for other articles and references of published articles.

Results: We found 65 articles; 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the analyses. These 10 studies comprised a total of 30,218 subjects. The sample size ranged from 489 to 14,009. All the studies used participants older than age 15, of whom 41.5% were male and 58.5% female. All the studies were cross-sectional and two were hospital-based. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes ranged from a minimum of 1.4% to a maximum of 19.0% and pooled prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 8.4% (95% CI: 6.2-10.5%). Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in urban and rural populations was 8.1% (95% CI: 7.3-8.9%) and 1.0% (95% CI: 0.7-1.3%), respectively.

Conclusions: This is, to our knowledge, the first study to systematically evaluate the literature of prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Nepal. Results showed that type 2 diabetes is currently a high-burden disease in Nepal, suggesting a possible area to deliberately expand preventive interventions as well as efforts to control the disease.

Keywords: South Asia; epidemiology; prevalence; systematic review; type 2 diabetes.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in South Asia. Source: International Diabetes Federation, 2012.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Flow diagram of study.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Nepal.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Funnel plot with 95% confidence limits showing the prevalence (p) of type 2 diabetes in each study by the standard error (s.e.) of the studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. International Diabetes Federation. Country estimates table 2011. 2012. Available from: http://www.idf.org/sites/default/files/EN_6E_Atlas_Full_0.pdf [cited 6 May 2015].
    1. Neupane D, Kallestrup P. Non-communicable diseases in Nepal: challenges and opportunities. J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2013;11:225–8. - PubMed