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Review
. 2016;12(1):226-30.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1091908.

Interactions of conjugate vaccines and co-administered vaccines

H Findlow  1 , R Borrow  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Interactions of conjugate vaccines and co-administered vaccines

H Findlow et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016.

Abstract

Conjugate vaccines play an important role in the prevention of infectious diseases such as those caused by the bacteria Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) type b (Hib), Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Vaccines developed against these 3 pathogens utilize 3 main carrier proteins, non-toxic mutant of diphtheria toxin (CRM197), diphtheria toxoid (DT) and tetanus toxoid (TT). Current pediatric immunisation schedules include the administration of several vaccines simultaneously, therefore increasing the potential for immune interference (both positively and negatively) to the antigens administered. Knowledge of vaccine interactions is principally derived from clinical trials, these are reviewed here to explore immune interference which may result of from carrier-specific T-cell helper interactions, bystander interference and carrier induced epitopic suppression.

Keywords: Vaccines; conjugate; immunisation; infectious disease; interactions; pediatric.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The proportions of subjects with Diphtheria toxoid antibody levels above 0.1 and 1.0 IU/mL at 1 month after vaccination according to whether MCC/Hib vaccine was given with or without PCV7 and MMR. Adapted from Miller et al. 2011.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Serogroup C serum bactericidal antibody titres (95% CI) in children whom had received MCC-TT a month before, after or at the same time as their DT or Td booster vaccineAdapted from Burrage et al. 2002. DT = pre-school booster of diphtheria and tetanus; Td = school leavers dose of Tetanus and diphtheria reflecting lower dose of diphtheria.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Geometric mean concentrations of anti-Hib IgG when co-administered with increasing amounts of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine utilising TT as a carrier protein. Adapted from Dagan et al. 1998.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Hib IgG responses in those who received Pediacel together with MCC-TT or MCC-CRM or MCC-CRM and PCV7. Adapted from Kitchin et al. 2007, Moss et al. 2010.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Meningococcal serogroup C SBA GMTs and Hib IgG GMCs given with different combinations of MCC vaccine. Adapted from Ladhani et al. 2015.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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